This book contributes to the body of postcolonial scholarship that explores the growth of imperial culture in the Romantic and early Victorian periods by focusing on the literary uses of the figure of the Turk and the Ottoman Empire. Filiz Turham analyzes Turkish Tales, novels, and travelogues from c. 1789-1846 to expose the three primary ways in which the Ottoman Other served as a strong counterimage of empire for both liberal and conservative writers. Through readings of such authors as Lord Byron, Percy Shelley, Mary Shelley and Elizabeth Craven the authors identifies the Ottoman Empire as a particularly flexible trope that could be presented as noth familiar or foreign, Same or Other in a way that reflected back onto England its own vexed attitude toward its imperial success.

Inspired by the growing interest in oriental countries and cultures, Hasan Baktir examines the representation of the "Ottoman Orient" in 18th century English literature, taking a new perspective to achieve a comprehensive understanding and investigating different aspects of the interaction between the Ottoman Orient and 18th century Europe.A number of questions continue to arise in the wake of Said's 1978 landmark study, "Orientalism". How monodirectional was the flow of power in such representations? To what extent did the travelling observer also participate and become influenced by the phenomena he tried to depict without attachment? What variety of motivations lay behind the desire to know and represent the Oriental other -- was it simply a question of political control? Or were there deeper, more enigmatic factors at play -- sexuality, existential affirmation, even utter idiosyncrasy? How various and diverse was the Western response to the East -- can we discern degrees of sympathy, knowledge, and difference in the various Orients offered to us by the canonical and non-canonical figures of 18th century English letters? Baktir's study provides answers to many aspects of these questions, through a detailed examination of very different texts.Baktir does not completely reject Said's argument that European writers created a separate discourse to represent the Orient; rather, he shows us that there was also a dialogic and negotiating tendency which did not make a radical distinction between the East and the West. Relying his argument on 18th century pseudo-oriental letters, oriental tales, and oriental travelogues, Baktir demonstrates that the representation of the Ottoman Orient in 18th century English literature differs essentially from earlier centuries because a developing critical and liberal spirit established a negotiation between the two worlds. In this book, he indicates how the critical and inquisitive spirit of the age of Enlightenment interanimated Oriental and European cultures.

This book examines gender politics through slavery and social regulation in the Ottoman Empire during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

First Published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This book examines the extent to which the 1991-2 crisis in Algeria had its origins in the competing ideologies and policy choices of the Boumediene era (1965-78). In post-independence Algeria, the post-World War II French statist model on the one hand, and, on the other, the Soviet model of the planned economy were juxtaposed on the contradictions stemming from Algeria's colonial and pre-colonial history, the development of nationalist ideas and, finally, the creation of the Front de Liberation Nationale in 1954. These unresolved conflicts overshadowed independence and resulted in the establishment of the Boumediene Presidency in 1965. The economic problems inherited from the colonial period absorbed policy-makers in this crucial post-independence period. However, the failure of the economy to deliver on its original promises, and the lack of control of cultural and ideological issues are shown to be the foundation of the conflicts of the 1990s.