The WHO benchmarks for the practice of Unani medicine defines the minimum requirement/criteria for establishing practice in Unani medicine in WHO Member States, by providing minimum reference standards for safety and quality of Unani medicine practice. This document provides WHO Member States with the general and minimum technical requirements for quality assurance and regulation of Unani medicine practice. It is aligned with the objectives of the WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-23, and reflects the consensus reached through established WHO processes from the community of practitioners in Unani medicine, health service providers, academics, health system managers and regulators. It provides information and describes levels of practice in Unani medicine, presents the different categories of Unani health service providers, describes the requirements for infrastructure and facilities, as well as relevant requirements and considerations in the practice of Unani health interventions, of the health products and medical devices used in Unani medicine practice, emphasizing the key elements for the safe practice of Unani medicine. It also presents the requirements and relevant considerations of regulatory, legal and ethical aspects of Unani medicine practice, and suggests the process for management of related health data.

The WHO benchmarks for the training of Unani medicine is an update of its previous version published in 2010. It defines the minimum requirement/criteria for establishing training of Unani medicine in WHO Member States. It provides the fundamental knowledge requirements for all those involved in practice and training of Unani medicine, including safety issues related to its clinical application and medicinal preparation. The document shall serve as a reference to national authorities to establish/strengthen regulatory standards to ensure qualified training and practice of Unani medicine. The document is aligned with the objectives of the WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-23. It reflects consensus arrived through established WHO processes from the community of practitioners in Unani medicine, health service providers, academics, health system managers, and regulators. The document provides information on types of training including training requirements for Unani medicine practitioners and associate Unani medicine service providers, presents the requirements on competency-based knowledge and skills for Unani medicine practitioners and associate Unani medicine providers, and provides content and structures for different training programmes. This update differs from the previous edition in its description of category of health work force, type of training offered and information integrating category of training with the levels of practice described in the WHO Benchmarks for the Practice of Unani medicine.

The WHO benchmarks for the training of Ayurveda is an update of its previous version published in 2010. It defines the minimum requirement/criteria for establishing training of Ayurveda in WHO Member States. It provides the fundamental knowledge requirements for all those involved in practice and training of Ayurveda, including safety issues related to its clinical application and medicinal preparation. The document shall serve as a reference to national authorities to establish/strengthen regulatory standards to ensure qualified training and practice of Ayurveda. The document is aligned with the objectives of the WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-23. It reflects consensus arrived through established WHO processes from the community of practitioners in Ayurveda, health service providers, academics, health system managers, and regulators. The document provides information on types of training including training requirements for Ayurveda practitioners and associate Ayurveda service providers, presents the requirements on competency-based knowledge and skills for Ayurveda practitioners and associate Ayurveda providers, and provides content and structures for different training programmes. This update differs from the previous edition in its description of category of health work force, type of training offered and information integrating category of training with the levels of practice described in the WHO Benchmarks for the Practice of Ayurveda.

Anthroposophic medicine (AM) is a form of traditional, complementary and integrative medicine (TCI), integrated into conventional medicine in outpatient practices and hospitals. As more countries begin to set policies and regulatory frameworks for the practice of TCI, policy-makers require information to make informed decisions, including evaluations of the quality of practices, difficulties that may be encountered, and suggested ways in which these can be addressed. These are the first benchmarks for training in AM and reflect what the AM community considers to be minimum training for professionals to practice any of the AM disciplines, in ways which ensure consumer protection and patient safety, including quality assurance, and the effectiveness and proper use of AM.

Healthcare Policies and Systems in Europe and China, a product of an interdisciplinary European Union-funded project, comprehensively investigates opportunities for mutual integration in the healthcare sector of the two regions and analyses policies at both national and local levels, the legal environment, medical practices, as well as the state of respective healthcare industries and related businesses. The book sheds light on both the potential benefits and obstacles to the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, as well as practices and industries in Europe and China. An interdisciplinary approach is adopted throughout using tools and technical knowledge derived from the economics, social sciences, legal and medical fields.This edited volume seeks to provide guidelines and policy proposals for policy-makers both in Europe and China, as well as offer operational suggestions for companies working in or with China, to enhance bilateral trade and investment flows. It also presents medical evidence and economic/legal analysis that will help boost the integration of traditional Chinese medicine with Western medicine through research studies. This is a recommended read for graduates, researchers and policy-makers seeking for a holistic understanding of healthcare policies and systems, both in theory and in practice.