This is the story of a unique facility that has made unparalleled contributions to a specialized area of aeronautics research that affects virtually all who fly.

The formation of ice on wings and other control surfaces of airplanes is one of the oldest and most vexing problems that aircraft engineers and scientists continue to face. While no easy, comprehensive answers exist, the staff at NASA's Icing Research Tunnel at the Glenn Research Center in Cleveland has done pioneering work to make flight safer for experimental, commercial, and military consumers.

The formation of ice on wings and other control surfaces of airplanes is one of the oldest and most vexing problems that aircraft engineers and scientists continue to face. While no easy, comprehensive answers exist, the staff at NASAs Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) at the Glenn Research Center in Cleveland has done pioneering work to make flight safer for experimental, commercial, and military customers. The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) initiated government research on aircraft icing in the 1930s at its Langley facility in Virginia. Icing research shifted to the NACA's Cleveland facility in the 1940s. Initially there was little focus on icing at either location, as these facilities were more concerned with aerodynamics and engine development. With several high-profile fatal crashes of air mail carriers, however, the NACA soon realized the need for a leading research facility devoted to icing prevention and removal. The IRT began operation in 1944 and, despite renovations and periodic attempts to shut it down, has continued to function productively for almost 60 years. In part because icing has proved so problematic over time, IRT researchers have been unusually open-minded in experimenting with a wide variety of substances, devices, and techniques. Early icing prevention experiments involved grease, pumping hot engine exhaust onto the wings, glycerin soap, mechanical and inflatable "boots," and even corn syrup. The IRT staff also looked abroad for ideas and later tried a German and Soviet technique of electromagnetism, to no avail. More recently, European polymer fluids have been more promising. The IRT even periodically had "amateur nights" in which a dentist's coating for children's teeth proved unequal to the demands of super-cooled water droplets blown at 100 miles per hour. Despite many research dead-ends, IRT researchers have achieved great success over the years. They have developed important computer models, such as the LEWICE software, and made significant contributions to prevent ice buildup on turbine-powered commercial aircraft, helicopters, and military planes.

The early elementary years are a critical time for children to acquire physical skills. While many books detail the motor skills children need to learn, few focus on how to teach those skills. That’s where Teaching Fundamental Motor Skills, Fourth Edition, comes in. This practical text, formerly titled Teaching the Nuts and Bolts of Physical Education, does just that, because motor skills are the nuts and bolts of physical education. “We believe that instruction can be motivating and enjoyable,” says lead author Vonnie Colvin. “Although fun is not the goal of education, it can be a very motivating by-product. When children are motivated and they receive sound instruction, they focus more on learning.” Through Teaching Fundamental Motor Skills, elementary physical educators will guide their students in mastering the critical elements of 8 locomotor and 17 manipulative skills. “The approach offers a perfect balance between sound pedagogy and fun activities that will engage your students and keep them learning,” Colvin says. Value-Packed Resource The text offers teachers a multitude of tools and ideas to foster student learning: Sequenced illustrations of four to six critical elements necessary for the skill to be correctly performed Cue words to help students remember each critical element Partner skill check assessments that help partners evaluate each other’s progress Success builders to reinforce correct performance Activities for practicing the entire skill Troubleshooting charts to address problem areas and help students learn and improve Scripted lesson plans that guide teachers through the instruction sequence New Content This latest edition also includes new content and teaching aids: Video clips of each skill, performed at regular speed and in slow motion to show correct execution and to further enhance understanding Video clips showing one or more incorrect critical elements so PETE students and teachers can learn to detect errors and provide cues and corrections Sidebars on promoting social and emotional health within the skill lessons to foster student well-being Sidebars on how to adapt lessons to meet the needs of children with different abilities (These don’t take the place of an adapted physical education book, individualized education program, or 504 plan, but they do help ensure all children can be included in the lesson.) Sidebars for at-home modifications to help remote learners and homeschoolers, with lists of typical home items that can be used in place of typical physical education equipment. For example, a balled-up pair of socks can become a ball, and many plastic bags can combine to become a soccer ball. Ancillaries On HK’s delivery and learning platform, HKPropel, teachers can access the aforementioned video clips as well as reproducible forms, troubleshooting charts, illustrations of critical elements, and animations of critical elements for the 17 manipulative and 8 locomotor skills. Teaching Foundational Skills This new edition of Teaching Fundamental Motor Skills, written by authors with a combined 140 years of teaching experience, will help children learn fundamental motor skills that provide the foundation for acquiring future sports skills. “The skills covered in this book represent the fundamentals of building a successful physical education curriculum for children,” says Colvin. “This book is a collection of teaching strategies and ideas that are kid tested, and they have been very successful in our elementary schools.” Note: A code for accessing HKPropel is not included with this ebook but may be purchased separately.

aLord, help me find my true love, a she prayed. Frances is a fifty-two-year-old, five-foot-three-and-a-half-inch-tall, African-American, plus-size woman. She had two sons, Galen, sixteen, and Talen, eleven. Life had been rough on them after her partner of eleven years left them. But through prayer she was able to retain their home and provide for her sons. She was now ready to have someone special in her life again. The answer came to her through a phone conversation with her sister Carolyn: online dating. She was skeptical at first but then decided to try it for a little while. So she broadened her horizons and leveled the playing field, giving all that would be interested a chance to woo/wow her. After six and a half months online, subscriptions running out, Raffael came into her life. This is her journey to Finding Love with Godas Help.