Space–time transformations as a design tool for a new class of composite materials (metamaterials) have proved successful recently. The concept is based on the fact that metamaterials can mimic a transformed but empty space. Light rays follow trajectories according to Fermat’s principle in this transformed electromagnetic, acoustic, or elastic space instead of laboratory space. This allows one to manipulate wave behaviors with various exotic characteristics such as (but not limited to) invisibility cloaks. This book is a collection of works by leading international experts in the fields of electromagnetics, plasmonics, elastodynamics, and diffusion waves. The experimental and theoretical contributions will revolutionize ways to control the propagation of sound, light, and other waves in macroscopic and microscopic scales. The potential applications range from underwater camouflaging and electromagnetic invisibility to enhanced biosensors and protection from harmful physical waves (e.g., tsunamis and earthquakes). This is the first book that deals with transformation physics for all kinds of waves in one volume, covering the newest results from emerging topical subjects such as transformational plasmonics and thermodynamics.

This dissertation, "Wave Transformation Due to Vertical Barriers in Fluids" by Man-yip, Mark, Lee, 李文業, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled Wave transformation due to vertical barriers in fluids Submitted by Mark Man-yip Lee for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in June, 1998 Theoretically investigation on the various wave transformation problems involving vertical barriers in fluids are conducted in a attempt to consolidate the understanding of the vertical barrier's interactions with water waves. In this first part of the present work, two categories of the wave transformation problems are focused on, which are the wave scattering and wave radiation problems. The problems of wave scattering due to vertical porous barriers immersed in a homogeneous fluid of finite depth are considered first. For this class of two-dimensional problems, it is sensible to adopt the method of eigenfunction expansion so as to take advantage of the simplified geometry involved and the ease of analyzing the effects of changes in the parameters. The amplitudes of the scattered waves, involving both the transmitted and reflected waves, are determined for the case of monochromatic incoming waves. The performance of the porous barriers of four different basic configurations are studied by examining the characteristic in the variation of their transmission and reflection coefficients, impinging wave force, moment, etc., under different conditions. It is found that in general an increase in the porosity of the barriers results in the decrease of wave amplitudes, wave force, wave moment, etc. The wave radiation problems in a homogeneous fluid of finite depth are investigated by using the same eigenfuction expansion method to determine the amplitude to stroke ratios for the three different types of wavemakers, which essentially are oscillating porous plate. The results for the particular case when the porous wavemaeker extends fully from the bottom to the free surface are in good agreement of the earlier exact analytical work by Chwang (1983). Two-layer fluids are subsequently introduced to these wave scattering and radiation problems. The problems of waves scattering due to a vertical impermeable barrier inserted between a single-layer fluid and a two-layer fluid are investigated for two different kinds of barriers. The results reveal that two distinct scattered wave modes exist in the two-layer, which explains why there was a discrepancy in the theoretical prediction of oil thickness variation near an oil retention boom with the experimental results in the earlier work by Kordyban (1992). The problems of wavemakers in a two-layer fluid are also examined for two categories: piston-type and flap-type. The results show that the flap-type wavemakers are more effective in generating surface waves than the piston-type wavemakers. In the second part of this work, the unsteady problems of oil spreading on a water surface are investigated analytically for both two- and three-dimensional cases. Two specific effects, the effect of water currents and the effect of water waves, on the spreading are investigated. It is demonstrated that both effects will causes the oil to spread faster in the propagating direction of the currents or waves. DOI: 10.5353/th_b2981278 Subjects: Wave mechanics

This collection of papers offers a new approach to nearshore and estuary studies, with an emphasis on multidisciplinary techniques and data integration. The important results of these studies are accompanied by full color images.

Physical Properties Mathematics and its Application(English Version) By: Chen Shuxuan Chen Shuxuan（陈叔瑄) was born on March 30, 1936 in Fuzhou, Fujian Province. He graduated from the Department of Physics at Xiamen University. He has been engaged in teaching and scientific research for many years in colleges and universities. He has taught courses such as electrician principle, electronic circuit, pulse circuit, digital logic, computer composition principle, computer application, assembly language programming, and so on. Based on many years of teaching experience, he compiled the IBM Microcomputer System and Assembly Language Programming guide which was published by Xiamen University Press in March 1990. In addition to teaching, he has made great efforts to develop the application of scientific theory and technology, participated in the development of many electronic circuits and computer applications projects, and published many research papers and works. Among them, "MM-1000 Friction Testing Machine Microcomputer System" software and hardware development, passed provincial technical appraisal in December 1987.The system plays an important role in the research of wet friction and wear testing technology and it has won the third prize of the Ministry of Electricity. Before retirement, he was an associate professor in the Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University.