Town Born

Town Born
Title Town Born PDF eBook
Author Barry Levy
Publisher University of Pennsylvania Press
Pages 361
Release 2011-07-06
Genre History
ISBN 0812202619

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In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, British colonists found the New World full of resources. With land readily available but workers in short supply, settlers developed coercive forms of labor—indentured servitude and chattel slavery—in order to produce staple export crops like rice, wheat, and tobacco. This brutal labor regime became common throughout most of the colonies. An important exception was New England, where settlers and their descendants did most work themselves. In Town Born, Barry Levy shows that New England's distinctive and far more egalitarian order was due neither to the colonists' peasant traditionalism nor to the region's inhospitable environment. Instead, New England's labor system and relative equality were every bit a consequence of its innovative system of governance, which placed nearly all land under the control of several hundred self-governing town meetings. As Levy shows, these town meetings were not simply sites of empty democratic rituals but were used to organize, force, and reconcile laborers, families, and entrepreneurs into profitable export economies. The town meetings protected the value of local labor by persistently excluding outsiders and privileging the town born. The town-centered political economy of New England created a large region in which labor earned respect, relative equity ruled, workers exercised political power despite doing the most arduous tasks, and the burdens of work were absorbed by citizens themselves. In a closely observed and well-researched narrative, Town Born reveals how this social order helped create the foundation for American society.

First- Thirty-second Report of the Commissioner of Public Records ... 1888-1919

First- Thirty-second Report of the Commissioner of Public Records ... 1888-1919
Title First- Thirty-second Report of the Commissioner of Public Records ... 1888-1919 PDF eBook
Author Massachusetts. Record Commission
Publisher
Pages 440
Release 1889
Genre Archives
ISBN

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First- Thirty Second Report of the Commissioner of Public Records ...

First- Thirty Second Report of the Commissioner of Public Records ...
Title First- Thirty Second Report of the Commissioner of Public Records ... PDF eBook
Author Massachusetts. Record Commission
Publisher
Pages 662
Release 1889
Genre Archives
ISBN

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An Inventory of the Records of the Particular (Congregational) Churches of Massachusetts Gathered 1620-1805

An Inventory of the Records of the Particular (Congregational) Churches of Massachusetts Gathered 1620-1805
Title An Inventory of the Records of the Particular (Congregational) Churches of Massachusetts Gathered 1620-1805 PDF eBook
Author Harold Field Worthley
Publisher Cambridge : Harvard University Press
Pages 754
Release 1970
Genre Congregational churches
ISBN

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Guide to the Study of American History

Guide to the Study of American History
Title Guide to the Study of American History PDF eBook
Author Edward Channing
Publisher
Pages 672
Release 1896
Genre United States
ISBN

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Guide to the Study and Reading of American History

Guide to the Study and Reading of American History
Title Guide to the Study and Reading of American History PDF eBook
Author Edward Channing
Publisher
Pages 678
Release 1896
Genre United States
ISBN

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The Development of School Support in Colonial Massachusetts

The Development of School Support in Colonial Massachusetts
Title The Development of School Support in Colonial Massachusetts PDF eBook
Author George Leroy Jackson
Publisher
Pages 104
Release 1909
Genre Education
ISBN

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