Who is this book for? This book is for anyone studying for the Grade 1 or Grade 2, Water Distribution Operator Certification Exam. It's intended for newer operators, who are pursuing the first two certification levels. What's inside this book? This book contains three full-length practice tests that will help operators and students prepare for the Water Distribution Operator Certification Exams. Each practice exam contains 100 questions, which test your knowledge of water distribution concepts, and your ability to solve relevant math problems. There are a total of 300 questions in this book. The book includes an answer key for all 3 exams. It also contains step-by-step solutions for the math problems. If you're preparing to take the operator certification test, this book is a helpful study guide. Topics Covered in Book Water Math, Disinfection, Corrosion, Storage Facilities, Water Mains, Wells, Pumps, Valves, Hydrants, Fittings, Water Meters, Backflow, Service Connections, Drinking Water Regulations, Hydraulics, Safety, Sampling, Water Quality, Water Sources, Operations, Maintenance, Leak Detection, Disinfection By-products, and System Maps and Layout

Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.

This is a best practice manual for addressing water losses in water distribution networks worldwide. Systems and methodologies are presented for improving water loss and leakage management in a range of networks, from systems with a well-developed infrastructure to those in developing countries where the network may need to be upgraded. The key feature of the manual is a diagnostic approach to develop a water loss strategy - using the appropriate tools to find the right solutions - which can be applied to any network. The methods of assessing the scale and volume of water loss are outlined, together with the procedures for setting up leakage monitoring and detection systems. As well as real losses (leakage) procedures for addressing apparent losses, by introducing regulatory and customer metering policies are explained. Suggestions are made for demand management and water conservation programmes, to complement the water loss strategy. Recommendations are made for training workshops and operation and maintenance programmes to ensure skills transfer and sustainability. The manual is illustrated throughout with case studies. Losses in Water Distribution Networks will appeal to a wide range of practitioners responsible for designing and managing a water loss strategy. These include consultants, operations managers, engineers, technicians and operational staff. It will also be a valuable reference for senior managers and decision makers, who may require an overview of the principles and procedures for controlling losses. The book will also be suitable as a source document for courses in Water Engineering, Resource Management and Environmental Management.

Small communities violate federal requirements for safe drinking water as much as three times more often than cities. Yet these communities often cannot afford to improve their water service. Safe Water From Every Tap reviews the risks of violating drinking water standards and discusses options for improving water service in small communities. Included are detailed reviews of a wide range of technologies appropriate for treating drinking water in small communities. The book also presents a variety of institutional options for improving the management efficiency and financial stability of water systems.

WSO Water Distribution, Grades 1 & 2, is organized into 22 chapters addressing core test content on certification exams. Chapters discuss regulations, operator math and chemistry, and specific distribution processes in detail. Other chapters cover water use and system design, water mains, hydrants and valves, water system supply security and public relations. Everything you need to know to pass your Grade 1 or 2 exam is included in this book.