Details the water research applications of nanotechnology in various areas including environmental science, remediation, membranes, nanomaterials, and water treatment At the nano size, materials often take on unique and sometimes unexpected properties that result in them being ‘tuned’ to build faster, lighter, stronger, and more efficient devices and systems, as well as creating new classes of materials. In water research, nanotechnology is applied to develop more cost-effective and high-performance water treatment systems, as well as to provide instant and continuous ways to monitor water quality. This volume presents an array of cutting-edge nanotechnology research in water applications including treatment, remediation, sensing, and pollution prevention. Nanotechnology applications for waste water research have significant impact in maintaining the long-term quality, availability, and viability of water. Regardless of the origin, such as municipal or industrial waste water, its remediation utilizing nanotechnology can not only be recycled and desalinized, but it can simultaneously detect biological and chemical contamination. Application of Nanotechnology in Water Research describes a broad area of nanotechnology and water research where membrane processes (nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and nanoreactive membranes) are considered key components of advanced water purification and desalination technologies that remove, reduce, or neutralize water contaminants that threaten human health and/or ecosystem productivity and integrity. Various nanoparticles and nanomaterials that could be used in water remediation (zeolites, carbon nanotubes, self-assembled monolayer on mesoporous supports, biopolymers, single-enzyme nanoparticles, zero-valent iron nanoparticles, bimetallic iron nanoparticles, and nanoscale semiconductor photocatalysts) are discussed. The book also covers water-borne infectious diseases as well as water-borne pathogens, microbes, and toxicity approach.

Emerging contaminants are chemical and biological agents for which there is growing concern about their potential health and environmental effects. The threat lies in the fact that the sources, fate and toxicology of most of these compounds have not yet been studied. Emerging contaminants, therefore, include a large number of both recently discovered and well-known compounds such as rare earth elements, viruses, bacteria, nanomaterials, microplastics, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, hormones, personal care products, cosmetics, pesticides, surfactants and industrial chemicals. Emerging contaminants have been found in many daily products, and some of them accumulate in the food chain. Correlations have been observed between aquatic pollution by emerging contaminants and discharges from wastewater treatment plants. Most actual remediation methods are not effective at removing emerging contaminants. This second volume presents comprehensive knowledge on emerging contaminants with a focus on remediation.

Bejaoui, Bouhlel, Barca, Geology, Mineralogy and Fluid inclusions investigation of the Fluorite deposit at Jebel Kohol, northeastern Tunisia Bracco, Brajkovic, Comotti, Rolandi, Characterization of Elephant and Mammoth Ivory by Solid State NMR Caucia, Marinoni, Leone, Adamo, Investigation on the gemological, physical and compositional properties of some opals from Slovakia Fazlnia, Alizade, Petrology and geochemistry of the Mamakan gabbroic intrusions, Urumieh (Urmia), Iran: Magmatic development of an intra-oceanic arc Fulignati, Kamenetsky, Marianelli, Sbrana, PIXE mapping on multiphase fluid inclusions in endoskarn xenoliths of AD 472 eruption of Vesuvius Gualtieri, Giacobbe, Rinaudo, Croce, Allegrina, Gaudino, Yang, Carbone, Preliminary results of the spectroscopic and structural characterization of mesothelioma inducing crocidolite fibers injected in mice Barone, Bruno, Giuffrida, Mazzoleni, Raneri, Archaeometric investigation of a Late Roman marble statue from Kaucana (RG) with considerations on the diffusion of Thasos marble in Sicily Castorina, Masi, REY and Sr-Nd isotopic ratios of acqua regia extracts to assess pedogenic processes and pollution in soils from Ravenna