In The Tigre Language of Gindaˁ, Eritrea, David L. Elias documents the dialect of the Tigre language that is spoken in the town of Gindaˁ in eastern Eritrea. While the language of Tigre is spoken by perhaps one million people in Eritrea and Sudan, the population of Gindaˁ is fewer than 50,000 people. Elias describes basic aspects of phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicography. In contrast to other dialects of Tigre, of which approximately a dozen have been identified, Tigre of Gindaˁ exhibits the only recorded examples in Tigre of gender-specific first person possessives, e.g. ʕənye ‘my eye’ (masc) vs. ʕənče ‘my eye’ (masc/fem), and a new form of the negative of the verb of existence, yahallanni ‘there is not’. Contact with Arabic and Tigrinya has resulted in numerous loanwords and a few biforms in Tigre of Gindaˁ.

Excerpt from Vocabulary of the Tigre Language After having left Neisse M. V. Beurmann did not abandon the idea of collecting a vocabulary of the Tigre language and so he daily wrote down those words which he had heard from Abu Bekr, and as he was obliged to speak with him only Arabic he followed Humbert's Guide francais-arabe, asking always the Arabic word of Humbert and writing down the Tigre translation. Though he wished to obtain all those words in Tigre which that Arabic vocabulary contains nevertheless the preparation for his second expedition which alas! Had so deplorable an end required so much time that even he with all his extraordinary energy and zeal was not able to finish this work. So when he had started again on the day after Christmas 1861 in search of Vogel's te mains with the firm intention either to cross the whole African continent from Benghazi to Chartum and Massowa, or never more to return, the materials he had collected were sent to me to be published. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from Vocabulary of the Tigre Language After having left Neisse M. V. Beurmann did not abandon the idea of collecting a vocabulary of the Tigre language and so he daily wrote down those words which he had heard from Abu Bekr, and as he was obliged to speak with him only Arabic he followed Humbert's Guide francais-arabe, asking always the Arabic word of Humbert and writing down the Tigre translation. Though he wished to obtain all those words in Tigre which that Arabic vocabulary contains nevertheless the preparation for his second expedition which alas! Had so deplorable an end required so much time that even he with all his extraordinary energy and zeal was not able to finish this work. So when he had started again on the day after Christmas 1861 in search of Vogel's te mains with the firm intention either to cross the whole African continent from Benghazi to Chartum and Massowa, or never more to return, the materials he had collected were sent to me to be published. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Covering the political, social and historical background of each language, Dictionary of Languages offers a unique insight into human culture and communication. Every language with official status is included, as well as all those that have a written literature and 175 'minor' languages with special historical or anthropological interest. We see how, with the rapidly increasing uniformity of our culture as media's influence spreads, more languages have become extinct or are under threat of extinction. The text is highlighted by maps and charts of scripts, while proverbs, anecdotes and quotations reveal the features that make a language unique.

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