Electronic Value Exchange examines in detail the transformation of the VISA electronic payment system from a collection of non-integrated, localized, paper-based bank credit card programs into the cooperative, global, electronic value exchange network it is today. Topics and features: provides a history of the VISA system from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s; presents a historical narrative based on research gathered from personal documents and interviews with key actors; investigates, for the first time, both the technological and social infrastructures necessary for the VISA system to operate; supplies a detailed case study, highlighting the mutual shaping of technology and social relations, and the influence that earlier information processing practices have on the way firms adopt computers and telecommunications; examines how “gateways” in transactional networks can reinforce or undermine established social boundaries, and reviews the establishment of trust in new payment devices.

A brilliant visionary named Dee Hock then followed in Giannini's footsteps and turned the BankAmericard into the powerful partnership that Visa is today. With grit, clarity, and a remarkable power of persuasion, Hock built Visa into a vast global family that today draws together 22,000 banks and financial institutions from nearly every corner of the globe.".

Job creation. Job Growth. Economic recovery. These urgent issues in America and Immigration law is a tool for recovery if only Congress would create a Startup Visa.

This simple, easy-to-understand guide to one of the most complex, confusing, and misunderstood areas of U.S. law helps readers navigate the bewildering and intimidating world of U.S. visa and immigration laws. The book simplifies complex concepts, defines common terms, and provides information on avoiding missteps while meeting with a U.S. immigration inspector, at a U.S. embassy abroad, or in a filing with a governmental agency. Anyone--whether foreign visitor, human resources staff, student, or lawyer--seeking a straightforward explanation of the U.S. visa process will find this an invaluable manual.

All the forms, information and instructions anyone needs to travel or attend school in the United States.

The author provides an account of the antitrust lawsuit his small legal firm brought against Visa and MasterCard, resulting in a $3.4 billion settlement in 2003.