Indicators of household food insecurity are typically static and thus ignore a key dimension of food insecurity.An explicitly forward-looking food insecurity indicator is developed that takes into account both current dietary inadequacy and vulnerability to dietary inadequacy in the future. Relative to this dynamic benchmark, three readily available indicators are evaluated.Christiaensen, Boisvert, and Hoddinott develop an explicitly forward-looking indicator of food insecurity that takes into account both current dietary inadequacy and vulnerability to dietary inadequacy in the future.Application of this measure to data from northern Mali shows that neglecting the future dimension of food insecurity causes serious underestimation of food insecurity in this area.The authors evaluate the performance, relative to their dynamic benchmark, of three readily available alternative indicators:- An agricultural production index.- A dietary diversity index.- A coping strategy index.Despite the uneven performance of these indexes relative to the individual components of the dynamic food insecurity indicator developed in the paper, they all demonstrate strong associations with that indicator. This is a promising result, given the urgent demand for reliable indicators of food insecurity.This paper - a product of the Poverty Reduction and Social Development Unit, Africa Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to understand the evolution of poverty and inequality in Africa in the 1990s. Luc Christiaensen may be contacted at [email protected].

Indicators of household food insecurity are typically static and thus ignore a key dimension of food insecurity. An explicitly forward-looking food insecurity indicator is developed that takes into account both current dietary inadequacy and vulnerability to dietary inadequacy in the future. Relative to this dynamic benchmark three readily available indicators are evaluated.

This book collects high-quality papers on the latest fundamental advances in the state of the art and practice of industrial economics study and industrial security engineering, providing insights that address problems concerning the national economy, social development and economic security. The book is divided into major sections including Industrial Economics; Industrial Security; Empirical Studies; and others, all of which cover different aspects, such as industrial organization, industrial structure, industrial development, industrial distribution and industrial policies, as well as theories on industrial security in a globalized world. The papers in each section describe state-of-art research works that are often oriented on real-world applications, and highlight the benefits of related methods and techniques for developing the emerging fields of Industrial Economics and Industrial Security.

This publication is a compilation of reports on research projects initiated, under way, or completed in fiscal year 2001 (July 1, 2000 through June 30, 2001). The abstracts cover 150 research projects from the World Bank and grouped under 11 major headings including poverty and social development, health and population, education, labor and employment, environment, infrastructure and urban development, and agriculture and rural development. The abstracts detail the questions addressed, the analytical methods used, the findings to date and their policy implications. Each abstract identifies the expected completion date of each project, the research team, and reports or publications produced.

Banking efficiency in Turkey was expected to improve after liberalization. Instead, it declined, perhaps because of increasing macroeconomic instability.

Ethnic diversity has a more adverse effect on economic policy and growth when a government's institutions are poor. But poor institutions have an even more adverse effect on growth and policy when ethnic diversity is high.