Defining a new development life-cycle methodology, together with a set of associated techniques and tools to develop highly critical systems using formal techniques, this book adopts a rigorous safety assessment approach explored via several layers (from requirements analysis to automatic source code generation). This is assessed and evaluated via a standard case study: the cardiac pacemaker. Additionally a formalisation of an Electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to identify anomalies in order to improve existing medical protocols. This allows the key issue - that formal methods are not currently integrated into established critical systems development processes - to be discussed in a highly effective and informative way. Using Event-B for Critical Device Software Systems serves as a valuable resource for researchers and students of formal methods. The assessment of critical systems development is applicable to all industries, but engineers and physicians from the health domain will find the cardiac pacemaker case study of particular value.

This book features high-quality, peer-reviewed papers from the Fourth International Conference on Recent Advancements in Computer, Communication, and Computational Sciences (RACCCS 2021), held at Aryabhatta College of Engineering and Research Center, Ajmer, India, on August 20–21, 2021. Presenting the latest developments and technical solutions in computational sciences, it covers a variety of topics, such as intelligent hardware and software design, advanced communications, intelligent computing technologies, advanced software engineering, the web and informatics, and intelligent image processing. As such, it helps those in the computer industry and academia to use the advances in next-generation communication and computational technology to shape real-world applications.

This book addresses mechanisms for reducing model heterogeneity induced by the absence of explicit semantics expression in the formal techniques used to specify design models. More precisely, it highlights the advances in handling both implicit and explicit semantics in formal system developments, and discusses different contributions expressing different views and perceptions on the implicit and explicit semantics. The book is based on the discussions at the Shonan meeting on this topic held in 2016, and includes contributions from the participants summarising their perspectives on the problem and offering solutions. Divided into 5 parts: domain modelling, knowledge-based modelling, proof-based modelling, assurance cases, and refinement-based modelling, and offers inspiration for researchers and practitioners in the fields of formal methods, system and software engineering, domain knowledge modelling, requirement analysis, and explicit and implicit semantics of modelling languages.

The two-volume set LNCS 9184-9185 constitutes the constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management 2015, held as part of the 17th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2015, held in Los Angeles, CA, USA, in August 2015. The total of 1462 papers and 246 posters presented at the HCII 2015 conferences was carefully reviewed and selected from 4843 submissions. These papers address the latest research and development efforts and highlight the human aspects of design and use of computing systems. The papers thoroughly cover the entire field of human-computer interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of application areas. The total of 96 contributions included in the DHM proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in this two-volume set. The 52 papers included in this volume are organized in the following topical sections: anthropometry and ergonomics; motion modeling and tracking; human modeling in transport and aviation; human modeling in medicine and surgery; quality in healthcare.

This book presents real-world examples of formal techniques in an industrial context. It covers formal methods such as SCADE and/or the B Method, in various fields such as railways, aeronautics, and the automotive industry. The purpose of this book is to present a summary of experience on the use of “formal methods” (based on formal techniques such as proof, abstract interpretation and model-checking) in industrial examples of complex systems, based on the experience of people currently involved in the creation and assessment of safety critical system software. The involvement of people from within the industry allows the authors to avoid the usual confidentiality problems which can arise and thus enables them to supply new useful information (photos, architecture plans, real examples, etc.).

Distributed Computing to Blockchain: Architecture, Technology, and Applications provides researchers, computer scientists, and data scientists with a comprehensive and applied reference covering the evolution of distributed systems computing into blockchain and associated systems. Divided into three major sections, the book explores the basic topics in the blockchain space extending from distributed systems architecture, distributed ledger, decentralized web to introductory aspects of cryptoeconomics (cryptography and economics) of decentralized applications. The book further explores advanced concepts such as smart contracts; distributed token mining, initial coin offerings; proof of work; public, private, and other blockchains; cryptography; security; and blockchains. The book goes on to review byzantine fault tolerance, distributed ledgers versus blockchains, and blockchain protocols. The final section covers multiple use cases and applications of distributed computing and the future directions for blockchains. - Presented as a focused reference handbook describing the evolution of distributed systems, blockchain, and consensus algorithms emphasizing the architectural and functional aspects - Integrates the various concepts of cryptography in blockchain and further extends to blockchain forensics - Provides insight and detailed Interpretation of algorithms for consensus in blockchains

From the Foreword "Getting CPS dependability right is essential to forming a solid foundation for a world that increasingly depends on such systems. This book represents the cutting edge of what we know about rigorous ways to ensure that our CPS designs are trustworthy. I recommend it to anyone who wants to get a deep look at these concepts that will form a cornerstone for future CPS designs." --Phil Koopman, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Trustworthy Cyber-Physical Systems Engineering provides practitioners and researchers with a comprehensive introduction to the area of trustworthy Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) engineering. Topics in this book cover questions such as What does having a trustworthy CPS actually mean for something as pervasive as a global-scale CPS? How does CPS trustworthiness map onto existing knowledge, and where do we need to know more? How can we mathematically prove timeliness, correctness, and other essential properties for systems that may be adaptive and even self-healing? How can we better represent the physical reality underlying real-world numeric quantities in the computing system? How can we establish, reason about, and ensure trust between CPS components that are designed, installed, maintained, and operated by different organizations, and which may never have really been intended to work together? ? Featuring contributions from leading international experts, the book contains sixteen self-contained chapters that analyze the challenges in developing trustworthy CPS, and identify important issues in developing engineering methods for CPS. The book addresses various issues contributing to trustworthiness complemented by contributions on TCSP roadmapping, taxonomy, and standardization, as well as experience in deploying advanced system engineering methods in industry. Specific approaches to ensuring trustworthiness, namely, proof and refinement, are covered, as well as engineering methods for dealing with hybrid aspects.