A multi constituent water circulation model was used to predict the movements of phytoplankton blooms that could affect fish farms in the Grand Manan Island area, Bay of Fundy. Model particles were released from a grid of 659 release point (750 m between adjacent points) around Grand Manan Island. Particles were released from all grid points at 1-h intervals, for a total of 12 releases. Particles were followed for eight tidal cycles (-4 d). We determined which particle tracks intersected each fish farm and the minimum elapsed time between a particle's release and its intersected with a farm. Farms in areas with low velocity currents, such as the Long Island area, were most likely to be affected by blooms originating in the immediate vicinity of the farms. Farms in areas of high-velocity, complex current patterns, such as White Head Island, could be affected by blooms transported from a large area, up to several kilometers away, within 4d.

A Century of Maritime Science reviews the fisheries, environmental, oceanographic, and aquaculture research conducted over the last hundred years at St. Andrews from the perspective of the participating scientists.

This project investigated the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of several potential early warning approaches for harmful algal blooms at salmon farms in southwestern New Brunswick (SWNB). The components of this 3-yr project included: training farm personnel on the sampling, identification, and counting of harmful algal species; implementation of high frequency phytoplankton monitoring by farm staff at selected salmon farms; retrospective statistical analyses of existing monitoring data; laboratory experiments to determine threshold concentrations of selected harmful algae which can cause problems for farmed salmon; use of a water to predict the movements of blooms which may affect salmon farms; evaluation of the effectiveness of a light sensor array for bloom detection; and evaluation of the usefulness of satellite imagery for bloom detection. Training sessions for farm workers were held in July 2004 and May-June 2005. Training was provided on sampling techniques, the use of microscopes, and the identification and counting of harmful phytoplankton species. Phytoplankton monitoring was conducted by trained staff at four farms near Grand Manan Island in 2004 and at two farms near Grand Manan Island. And one farm in the Passamaquoddy Bay and one farm on the SWNB mainland coast in 2005. The goal was to have farm workers collect and analyze samples approximately daily from late spring to early fall. On average, samples were collected in about 60% of days in 2004 (July-September) and 75% in the 2005 (late May-September), while the numbers of samples analyzed represented

Drawing on a number of case studies from around the world, this publication considers how the local knowledge and practices of indigenous fishing communities are being used in collaboration with scientists, government managers and non-governmental organisations to establish effective frameworks for sustainable fisheries science and management. It seeks to contribute towards achieving the goal of establishing international responsibility for the ethical collection, preservation, dissemination and application of fishers' knowledge.

Various papers are presented on the topics of invertebrate management ingeneral; the sampling of adults, juveniles and larval forms;population dynamics and models; exploration and multispecies interactions;and management strategies. An overall workshop summary is included.

Shifting Baselines explores the real-world implications of a groundbreaking idea: we must understand the oceans of the past to protect the oceans of the future. In 1995, acclaimed marine biologist Daniel Pauly coined the term "shifting baselines" to describe a phenomenon of lowered expectations, in which each generation regards a progressively poorer natural world as normal. This seminal volume expands on Pauly's work, showing how skewed visions of the past have led to disastrous marine policies and why historical perspective is critical to revitalize fisheries and ecosystems. Edited by marine ecologists Jeremy Jackson and Enric Sala, and historian Karen Alexander, the book brings together knowledge from disparate disciplines to paint a more realistic picture of past fisheries. The authors use case studies on the cod fishery and the connection between sardine and anchovy populations, among others, to explain various methods for studying historic trends and the intricate relationships between species. Subsequent chapters offer recommendations about both specific research methods and effective management. This practical information is framed by inspiring essays by Carl Safina and Randy Olson on a personal experience of shifting baselines and the importance of human stories in describing this phenomenon to a broad public. While each contributor brings a different expertise to bear, all agree on the importance of historical perspective for effective fisheries management. Readers, from students to professionals, will benefit enormously from this informed hindsight.