An indispensable resource for professionals who work with multiple state tax jurisdictions, this reference offers return preparation guidance for use by taxpayers subject to corporate income or income-based taxes in more than one state.

International tax regimes and practices are heavily criticized for failing to fairly levy corporate tax on giant multinational taxpayers in the current globalized and digitalized world. This important and far-seeing book demonstrates how formulary apportionment (FA) – an approach by which a multinational corporation pays each jurisdiction’s corporate tax based on the share of its worldwide income allocated to that jurisdiction – can achieve the much-sought goal of aligning value creation and taxation. The author, through an intensive analysis of the European Union’s (EU’s) Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB) Directive Proposal(s) and comparison to the United States (US’s) formulary apportionment experience, shows how the perceived problems with an FA system can be overcome and lays out the necessary elements for its feasibility. With detailed attention to the debates around formulary apportionment and its theoretical foundations, the book provides a blueprint for rebuilding the normative framework for the EU’s tax reform by clearly analysing the implications of the following and more: theorising public benefits to be represented by taxation; reorganising different economic theories about tax neutrality and tax justice; advancing the comparative legal research methodology to analyse law reform by combining the functional approach and the problem-solving approach; designing the logical formulary apportionment system for digital economy; ensuring the removal of the incentive for multinationals to shift reported income to low-tax locations; reducing the tax system’s complexity and the administrative burden it imposes on firms; eliminating transfer pricing complexity for intra-firm transactions; achieving equal weighting of the sales factor, the labour factor, and the asset factor in the formula; application of ‘destination-based’ rule for attributing the sales factor; and replacing the traditional permanent establishment nexus with a ‘factor presence nexus’. The presentation incorporates extensive comparison between the EU’s formulary apportionment tax reform option and FA systems existing in the United States (US) at state level, including reference to relevant US case law and legislation. As a possible option to address the problem of base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS), formulary apportionment is gaining increasing acceptance and attention. This book will prove invaluable to taxation authorities, tax practitioners, and scholars in its deeply informed and systematic guidance on good practices and prevention of problematic experiences in establishing and implementing an effective and market-neutral FA system.

As a result of rapidly evolving commercial, technological and economic dynamics, more and more businesses conduct business across multiple state jurisdictions. At the same time, state tax rules have become significantly more complex, and the states have become increasingly more aggressive in enforcing and collecting tax payment. Now, more than ever, business taxpayers and their advisors need to understand the traps, pitfalls and opportunities in the state corporate tax arena--before the inevitable state corporate income tax audit becomes a reality. This CCH Master Guide serves as a handy desktop reference containing concise explanations on major corporate tax issues that are readily accessible and easy to understand. It's an excellent resource for quick answers to the most-asked questions and at-a-glance state-to-state comparisons. The U.S. Master Multistate Corporate Tax Guide provides return preparation guidance for use by taxpayers subject to corporate income or income-based taxes in more than one state. It provides an efficient means for practitioners to understand the rules and guidelines relevant to filing returns in all of the 47 states (plus New York City and the District of Columbia) that impose a corporate income tax, a franchise tax, or other tax at least partially measured by income.

As a result of rapidly evolving commercial, technological and economic dynamics, more and more businesses conduct business across multiple state jurisdictions. At the same time, state tax rules have become significantly more complex, and the states have become increasingly more aggressive in enforcing and collecting tax payment. Now, more than ever, business taxpayers and their advisors need to understand the traps, pitfalls and opportunities in the state corporate tax arena--before the inevitable state corporate income tax audit becomes a reality. CCH's 2016 U.S. Master Multistate Corporate Tax Guide is an indispensable resource for professionals who work with multiple state tax jurisdictions. This CCH "Master Guide" serves as a handy desktop reference containing concise explanations on major corporate tax issues that are readily accessible and easy to understand. It's an excellent resource for quick answers to the most-asked questions and at-a-glance state-to-state comparisons. The U.S. Master Multistate Corporate Tax Guide provides return preparation guidance for use by taxpayers subject to corporate income or income-based taxes in more than one state. It provides an efficient means for practitioners to understand the rules and guidelines relevant to filing corporate income tax returns in all of the 47 states (plus New York City and the District of Columbia) that impose a corporate income tax or that impose a franchise or other tax (such as the Michigan Business Tax) at least partially measured by income. Key elements of this helpful and annually updated publication are: CHARTS--designed to provide quick answers to the most often asked questions regarding state corporate income taxation. STATE BY STATE DISCUSSIONS--offer practical explanations of major corporate tax topics, including: - Tax Rates

Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.

Contains extensive coverage of the tax issues faced by all types of contractors, including large and small contractors, homebuilders, and other specialty trades, provides you with the clear, concise guidance you need to expertly address your tax issues.