The book discusses the educational achievements and occupational mobility among the Scheduled Castes in India, the group that is a large section of Indian population (called as Dalit), was deprived of their basic legitimate and human rights to live with dignity. The book shows that, the second generation of Scheduled Castes is highly mobile as compared to their fathers’ generation. It also attempts to measure the impact of Inclusive Policy provided by the Government of India. In this book, author found that, after the religious conversion under the leadership of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, the Mahars converted to Buddhism. Therefore, the Buddhist community is more aware about the occupational development as compared to other communities. Hence, the development of the Buddhists could be treated as an ideal model for all the Backward Classes in India.

At a time of significant transformations in Chinese society, this book addresses the key issue of social welfare and the reform of the welfare system in 21st century China. Considering both the theory and policy making across a variety of welfare issues which directly impact on the country’s economic development, it examines the development of civil society, changes in social stratification and in social class structure. It notably considers the key questions of welfare in both urban and rural settings, for different population groups such as children, the elderly and the disabled, addressing topical issues of housing, education, public health, poverty and the restructuring of related welfare policy system to tackle China’s key issues. It also considers the impact of migrant workers in China and their social integration, including within the welfare system. Providing a unique insight into how economic globalization and financial crisis affects Chinese social welfare policies, this book is a key read for scholars worldwide interested in social transformation in Chinese society at a time of significant social and economic transition.

This open access book explores new research directions in social inequality and urban segregation. With the goal of fostering an ongoing dialogue between scholars in Europe and China, it brings together an impressive team of international researchers to shed light on the entwined processes of inequality and segregation, and the implications for urban development. Through a rich collection of empirical studies at the city, regional and national levels, the book explores the impact of migration on cities, the related problems of social and spatial segregation, and the ramifications for policy reform. While the literature on both segregation and inequality has traditionally been dominated by European and North American studies, there is growing interest in these issues in the Chinese context. Economic liberalization, rapid industrial restructuring, the enormous growth of cities, and internal migration, have all reshaped the country profoundly. What have we learned from the European and North American experience of segregation and inequality, and what insights can be gleaned to inform the bourgeoning interest in these issues in the Chinese context? How is China different, both in terms of the nature and the consequences of segregation inequality, and what are the implications for future research and policy? Given the continued rise of China’s significance in the world, and its recent declaration of war on poverty, this book offers a timely contribution to scholarship, identifying the core insights to be learned from existing research, and providing important guidance on future directions for policy makers and researchers.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the patterns and trends of socio-economic development and social division in contemporary Chinese society. It discusses the determinants, manifestations and consequences of social inequality in the last 40 years with particular regard to social mobility, educational attainment, social capital, health, labor market position, including employment (opportunity), career advancement and earnings, housing, wealth and assets, urbanization, social integration of migrant peasant workers into urban life, social protest and civic engagement, subjective well-being and subjective social status.

This exciting collection of original essays provides students and professionals with an international and comparative examination of changes in global cities, revealing a growing pattern of social and spatial division or polarization.