Over the last several decades there has been a growing interest in Research & Development (R&D) policy. This is particularly so in advanced industrialized nations that have adopted science- and technology- based strategies for national economic competitiveness. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan -- the three nations that are the subjects of this book -- share this policy strategy. Each of these nations is committed to hamessing the innovations that stern from scientific and technological advance to promote national economic prosperity. Governments can influence their nation's R&D efIort in three general ways. First, they can directly fund the R&D efIort through grants, loans, appropriations, or government contracts. Second, they can provide tax and financing incentives to encourage higher levels of private sector R&D. Third, they can use their power to create inter-organizational collaborations that vastly extend and expand the nation's collective R&D efIort. University-industry collaborations are a principal type of these inter organizational R&D efIorts -- and the focus of this book.

This directory provides the reader with quick-access to information on more than 8000 companies, research centres and academic institutions involved in new and established technologies. This edition offers more than 600 all-new organization listings, including new listings in Europe.

This special issue of the STI Review focuses on Public-Private Partnerships in Science and Technology.

Japan has achieved a comparatively high level of well-being: skill levels are high, unemployment is low and life expectancy at birth is the highest in the OECD. Since its launch in 2013, Abenomics has had a positive effect on the economy, and per capita output growth has picked up. However, to ...

This book constructs a model of the knowledge value chain in the university and analyzes the university knowledge value-added mechanism in the process of Industry-University Collaborative Innovation. The efficiency of university knowledge value-added of Provinces in China is measured. The book illustrates the operating mechanism between enterprise subsystems and college subsystems in the collaborative innovation system, and establishes a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model with parallel decision making units to assess the performance of Industry-University Collaboration Innovation in China by considering the complex internal structure of the collaborative innovation system. The book also addresses various behaviors of knowledge agents in the knowledge sharing process. The research findings of this book will provide some policy implications to help policy makers to establish a more effective collaborative and interactive innovation system. The focus on China offers a unique contribution, because the form that university-industry collaborations take differs widely from country to country. The United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and China differ vastly in the way that they implement their respective R&D policies. Some of these differences stem from national culture, others from the historical evolution of the institutions that support innovation efforts, and some from the extent of available resources.

In recent years, a considerable amount of effort has been devoted, both in industry and academia, towards the transformation of academic research at universities into the development of advanced technologies in industry, therefore enabling a full role of the university as a center of knowledge-creation.University-Industry Collaboration and the Success Mechanism of Collaboration presents recent developments in university-industry-collaborations, using case studies from Japan, and showing the mutual needs from both universities and enterprises in the knowledge-based society. Technical topics discussed in this book include: • Development of University-Industry Collaboration (UIC) in the world• Development of UIC in Japan• Case studies of UIC in Japan• Contribution of UIC from Japan to the world