Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI is the most sensitive imaging technique for detecting breast cancer. Unfortunately, breast DCE MRI is primarily recommended in patients at high risk for breast cancer. As a result, relatively few women benefit from breast MRI. Shortening MR breast imaging protocols is a key requirement to reduce cost and improve patient access to this powerful imaging tool for the detection of breast cancer. We developed a new technology for bilateral breast imaging that learns and models temporal behaviors through a local low rank (LLR) constraint that differs from previous approaches in breast MR iterative image reconstruction. We present an imaging methodology that delivers simultaneously higher spatial and temporal resolution than any previously published methods and a robust technology whose performance does not depend on lesion size, morphology or heterogeneity. Furthermore, we adopt an early enhancement phase approach which provides similar or more valuable information than the current methodology with a much shorter scan time. We present an ultra-fast (10 s) volumetric bilateral breast MRI exam with 0.8 mm isotropic resolution, surpassing today's standard clinical resolution while providing temporal resolutions six-to-eighteen-fold faster. By simultaneously providing high spatial and temporal information of the brief but important early enhancement phase, we provide clinicians and researchers with the capability to extract all the diagnostic and lesion characterization data possible from early enhancement phase. The goal for this project was to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a high-performance sequence for abbreviated breast MRI. Though numerous accelerated methods have previously been proposed, very little validation of the information they derive has been generated due to the complexity of testing reconstruction methods and lesion-dependent imaging performance without a reference standard for comparison. We validated the effectiveness of the method to create high temporal fidelity in a digital phantom and demonstrated the feasibility of our proposed approach with 11 clinical subjects.

The available information on breast cancer has evolved so rapidly that a textbook understanding is no longer sufficient to make sound therapeutic decisions. Further, the latest findings and data are spread throughout the scientific literature of various medical fields, making it difficult for medical professionals to keep abreast of these advances, and to apply them in their day-to-day work. This book provides updated information on breast cancer, such as the modern molecular classification and staging, and demonstrates how imaging with pathologic correlation can be used in management decisions. In addition, it identifies the most suitable imaging modalities for screening, diagnosis and monitoring for each clinical case. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for all medical professionals (practicing or still in training) whose work involves breast cancer, including radiologists, breast surgeons, pathologists, radiotherapists and nuclear medicine professionals.

During the past decade significant developments have been achieved in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), enabling MRI to enter the clinical arena of chest imaging. Standard protocols can now be implemented on up-to-date scanners, allowing MRI to be used as a first-line imaging modality for various lung diseases, including cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension and even lung cancer. The diagnostic benefits stem from the ability of MRI to visualize changes in lung structure while simultaneously imaging different aspects of lung function, such as perfusion, respiratory motion, ventilation and gas exchange. On this basis, novel quantitative surrogates for lung function can be obtained. This book provides a comprehensive overview of how to use MRI for imaging of lung disease. Special emphasis is placed on benign diseases requiring regular monitoring, given that it is patients with these diseases who derive the greatest benefit from the avoidance of ionizing radiation.

Cancer cells dedifferentiate with repect to cell function; their vascularity is more leaky, but perfusion is heterogenerously reduced, and interstitial fluid pressure is high, severely retarding delivery of agents from the blood. Targeted imaging is designed to produce a detectable difference between tissue that is visualized with single photon and positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or ultrasonography. This book uniquely reports strategies for the application of molecular targeted imaging agents such as antibodies, peptides, receptors and contrast agents in the biologic grading of tumors, differential diagnosis of tumors, prediction of therapeutic response and monitoring tumor response to treatment. This book also describes updated information about the imaging of tumor angiogenesis, hypoxia, apoptosis and gene delivery as well as expression in the understanding and utility of tumor molecular biology for better cancer management.

This superbly illustrated book provides a thorough, up-to-date overview of diagnostic breast imaging and therapy. Drs. Elizabeth Morris, Michael Fuchsjäger, and Thomas Helbich, three experts in the field, have collaborated with colleagues from their institutions and selected medical centers to share their expertise. The coverage ranges from basic information on imaging technologies and interventional equipment and how to use them optimally to the application of advanced high-end techniques for screening and assessment in any given professional environment. Readers will find clear instruction on the various breast interventional procedures guided by stereotaxis, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging in wide clinical use. The management of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and high-risk breast cancer is considered separately. Furthermore, the role of minimally invasive therapy is examined, and advice is provided on post-therapy evaluation, including breast implants. A comprehensive diagnostic atlas with hundreds of images completes this volume and addresses the spectrum of various clinical situations.

This volume provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in magnetic particle imaging (MPI), a novel imaging modality. Using various static and oscillating magnetic fields, and tracer materials made from iron oxide nanoparticles, MPI can perform background-free measurements of the particles’ local concentration. The method exploits the nonlinear remagnetization behavior of the particles and has the potential to surpass current methods for the detection of iron oxide in terms of sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution. Starting from an introduction to the technology, the topics addressed include setting up an imaging device, assessment of image quality, development of new MPI tracer materials, and the first preclinical results. This is the first book to be published on magnetic particle imaging, and it will be an invaluable source of information for everyone with an interest in this exciting new modality.

SPIE Milestones are collections of seminal papers from the world literature covering important discoveries and developments in optics and photonics.