Typical Examples of Persian and Oriental Ceramic Art

Typical Examples of Persian and Oriental Ceramic Art
Title Typical Examples of Persian and Oriental Ceramic Art PDF eBook
Author Henry Wallis
Publisher
Pages 14
Release 1892
Genre
ISBN

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A History of Art: Early Christian and neo-Oriental art

A History of Art: Early Christian and neo-Oriental art
Title A History of Art: Early Christian and neo-Oriental art PDF eBook
Author Giulio Carotti
Publisher
Pages 410
Release 1909
Genre Art
ISBN

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Persian Ceramics

Persian Ceramics
Title Persian Ceramics PDF eBook
Author Aimee Froom
Publisher Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Pages 132
Release 2008-11-15
Genre Architecture
ISBN

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An accessible survey of Persian ceramics

A Bibliography of Clays and the Ceramic Arts

A Bibliography of Clays and the Ceramic Arts
Title A Bibliography of Clays and the Ceramic Arts PDF eBook
Author John Casper Branner
Publisher
Pages 468
Release 1906
Genre Ceramics
ISBN

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The Historians' History of the World in Twenty-Five Volumes

The Historians' History of the World in Twenty-Five Volumes
Title The Historians' History of the World in Twenty-Five Volumes PDF eBook
Author Various Authors
Publisher Library of Alexandria
Pages 1987
Release 2020-09-28
Genre History
ISBN 146560801X

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Broadly speaking, the historians of all recorded ages seem to have had the same general aims. They appear always to seek either to glorify something or somebody, or to entertain and instruct their readers. The observed variety in historical compositions arises not from difference in general motive, but from varying interpretations of the relative status of these objects, and from differing judgments as to the manner of thing likely to produce these ends, combined, of course, with varying skill in literary composition, and varying degrees of freedom of action. As to freedom of selective judgment, the earliest historians whose records are known to us exercised practically none at all. Their task was to glorify the particular monarch who commanded them to write. The records of a Ramses, a Sennacherib, or a Darius tell only of the successful campaigns, in which the opponent is so much as mentioned only in contrast with the prowess of the victor. With these earliest historians, therefore, the ends of historical composition were met in the simplest way, by reciting the deeds, real or alleged, of a king, as Ramses, Sennacherib, or David; or of the gods, as Osiris, or Ishtar, or Yahveh. As to entertainment and instruction, the reader was expected to be overawed by the recital of mighty deeds, and to draw the conclusion that it would be well for him to do homage to the glorified monarch, human or divine. A little later, in what may be termed the classical period, the historians had attained to a somewhat freer position and wider vision, and they sought to glorify heroes who were neither gods nor kings, but the representatives of the people in a more popular sense. Thus the Iliad dwells upon the achievements of Achilles and Ajax and Hector rather than upon the deeds of Menelaus and Priam, the opposing kings. Hitherto the deeds of all these heroes would simply have been transferred to the credit of the king. Now the individual of lesser rank is to have a hearing. Moreover, the state itself is now considered apart from its particular ruler. The histories of Herodotus, of Xenophon, of Thucydides, of Polybius, in effect make for the glorification, not of individuals, but of peoples. This shift from the purely egoistic to the altruistic standpoint marks a long step. The writer now has much more clearly in view the idea of entertaining, without frightening, his reader; and he thinks to instruct in matters pertaining to good citizenship and communal morality rather than in deference to kings and gods. In so doing the historian marks the progress of civilisation of the Greek and early Roman periods. In the mediæval time there is a strong reaction. To frighten becomes again a method of attacking the consciousness; to glorify the gods and heroes a chief aim. As was the case in the Egyptian and Persian and Indian periods of degeneration, the early monotheism has given way to polytheism. Hagiology largely takes the place of secular history. A constantly growing company of saints demands attention and veneration. To glorify these, to show the futility of all human action that does not make for such glorification, became again an aim of the historian. But this influence is by no means altogether dominant; and, though there is no such list of historians worthy to be remembered as existed in the classical period, yet such names appear as those of Einhard, the biographer of Charlemagne; De Joinville, the panegyrist of Saint Louis; Villani, Froissart, and Monstrelet, the chroniclers; and Comines, Machiavelli, and Guicciardini.

Catalogue

Catalogue
Title Catalogue PDF eBook
Author Bernard Quaritch (Firm)
Publisher
Pages 1028
Release 1907
Genre Antiquarian booksellers
ISBN

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Catalogue of Works on the Fine Arts Offered at the Net Prices Affixed

Catalogue of Works on the Fine Arts Offered at the Net Prices Affixed
Title Catalogue of Works on the Fine Arts Offered at the Net Prices Affixed PDF eBook
Author Bernard Quaritch (Firm)
Publisher
Pages 228
Release 1904
Genre Art
ISBN

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