This book deals with applications in several areas of science and technology that make use of light which carries orbital angular momentum. In most practical scenarios, the angular momentum can be decomposed into two independent contributions: the spin angular momentum and the orbital angular momentum. The orbital contribution affords a fundamentally new degree of freedom, with fascinating and wide-spread applications. Unlike spin angular momentum, which is associated with the polarization of light, the orbital angular momentum arises as a consequence of the spatial distribution of the intensity and phase of an optical field, even down to the single photon limit. Researchers have begun to appreciate its implications for our understanding of the ways in which light and matter can interact, and its practical potential in different areas of science and technology.

The first comprehensive and authoritative coverage of the angular momentum of light, illustrating both its theoretical and applied aspects.

Spin angular momentum of photons and the associated polarization of light has been known for many years. However, it is only over the last decade or so that physically realizable laboratory light beams have been used to study the orbital angular momentum of light. In many respects, orbital and spin angular momentum behave in a similar manner, but t

The story of a pastor's kid who grew to hate the church and God then suffered through a series of traumatic events and was delivered through an angelic experience to discover the light of Jesus in her pit of despair. She is then led to discover meditation and prayer which bring her out of that darkness and into the light of the love Jesus has especially for her. Now she writes for and coaches other women with PTSD so that they may also find help and healing from their own trauma.

Anna Claire has written these poems with older schoolchildren in mind, hoping they will encourage lively debate and reflection. Many of the poems are personal, and some are tragic but they are based on situations and circumstances that most of us encounter or face at some point during our lifetime. Reflection enables us to respond to others with understanding, and perhaps with the benefit of doing so, we are better equipped to deal with that which might otherwise overwhelm oneself, or those close to us. The human spirit is strong and has amazing abilities to overcome difficulties.