This study demonstrates that recognizing the differences of the women activists promoting disparate agendas leads to a fuller appreciation of the connections and commonalities in the relations among those involved. Transnational Feminism and Women's Movements in Post-1997 Hong Kong: Solidarity Beyond the State is the first comprehensive account of feminism and women's movements in Hong Kong. The unique geographical, historical and cultural situation of the city provides the backdrop for Adelyn Lim to bring diverse groups of activists organizing socially disadvantaged and disaffected women, many of whom originating from Mainland China or South and Southeast Asia, to the foreground. Feminism, Lim argues, is not premised on a collective identity; it should rather be understood as a collective frame of action. The book begins with a critical history of women's mobilization during the British colonial period and the lead up to governance under the People's Republic of China. Subsequent chapters discuss the organizational forms, rhetoric, and strategies of women's groups in addressing the feminization of poverty, engagement with state institutions, violence against women, prostitution, and domestic work. Conflicts between feminist ideals and the realities and demands of the sociopolitical environment are thrown into sharp relief. The empirical analysis makes a case for Hong Kong to be considered a prime site to challenge and renew the theorizing of transnational feminism. "In this well written monograph, Adelyn Lim explores the multiple forms of women's activism in the tense political environment of post-1997 Hong Kong. Using feminist theory and social movement scholarship, she explores processes of framing social action and building coalitions in a context where unresolved conflicts abound. The result is a rich portrait of activism in one of the world's most globalized cities." —Andrew Kipnis, author of China and Postsocialist Anthropology: Theorizing Power and Society after Communism "A book about Hong Kong feminisms that manages to be both sweeping and intimate, with through-lines of historical and political context seamlessly interwoven with details of activist identities and commitments. Lim skillfully connects feminist and social movement theory with movement praxis to develop a compelling account of local feminist organizing situated in a clear transnational context." —Sharon Wesoky, author of Chinese Feminism Faces Globalization

Bringing together scholars and scholar-activists from a wide range of disciplines, this groundbreaking book delves into the diversity and vibrancy of feminist activism in Xi-era China. Feminist Activism in the Post-2010s Sinosphere examines a variety of urgent feminist issues in 21st-century China, including the #MeToo movement, online misogyny, feminism in popular media, and the experiences and rights of queer, trans and ethnic minority groups. The chapters explore shifting dynamics between state feminism, NGO and grassroots movements, the intersection of academia and intellectual discourse, the interplay of art and activism, the increasing reliance on digital media platforms, and the evolving (re)formations of transnational and diasporic alliances, alongside their creative strategic practices. Drawing on timely research and situated knowledges, the contributors offer innovative and provocative perspectives, supported by nuanced conceptual frameworks and rich empirical data. What are the specific characteristics of feminist activism grounded in the Sinosphere and Chinese contexts today? How is violence analyzed through an intersectional lens, and how do feminist engagements respond to precarity in the context of a pandemic and authoritarian governance? This anthology is an insightful and stimulating read for anyone interested in intersectional feminist mobilizations, contemporary Sinophone and Chinese society and politics, and LGBTQ+ studies.

The year 1995, when the Fourth World Conference on Women was held in Beijing, marks a historical milestone in the development of the Chinese feminist movement. In the decades that followed, three distinct trends emerged: first, there was a rise in feminist NGOs in mainland China and a surfacing of LGBTQ movements; second, social and economic developments nurtured new female agency, creating a vibrant, women-oriented cultural milieu in China; third, in response to ethnocentric Western feminism, some Chinese feminist scholars and activists recuperated the legacies of socialist China’s state feminism and gender policies in a new millennium. These trends have brought Chinese women unprecedented choices, resources, opportunities, pitfalls, challenges, and even crises. In this timely volume, Zhu and Xiao offer an examination of the ways in which Chinese feminist ideas have developed since the mid-1990s. By juxtaposing the plural "feminisms" with "Chinese characteristics," they both underline the importance of integrating Chinese culture, history, and tradition in the discussions of Chinese feminisms, and, stress the difference between the plethora of contemporary Chinese feminisms and the singular state feminism. The twelve chapters in this interdisciplinary collection address the theme of feminisms with Chinese characteristics from different perspectives rendered from lived experiences, historical reflections, theoretical ruminations, and cultural and sociopolitical critiques, painting a panoramic picture of Chinese feminisms in the age of globalization.

Feminism and generation are live and ideologically freighted issues that are subject to a substantial amount of media engagement. The figure of the millennial and the baby boomer, for example, regularly circulate in mainstream media, often accompanied by hyperbolic and vitriolic discourses and effects of intergenerational feminist conflict. In addition, theories of feminist generation and waves have been, and continue to be, extensively critiqued within feminist theory. Given the compelling criticisms directed at these categories, we ask: why bother examining and foregrounding issues of generation, intergeneration, and transgeneration in feminist media studies? While remaining skeptical of linearity and familial metaphors and of repeating reductive, heteronormative, and racist versions of feminist movements, we believe that the concept of generation does have critical purchase for feminist media scholars. Indeed, precisely because of the problematic ways in which it is used, and its prevalence as a volatile, yet only too palpable, organizing category, generation is in need of continual critical analysis, and is an important tool to be used—with care and nuance—when examining the multiple routes through which power functions in order to marginalize, reward, and oppress. This book covers a range of media forms: film; games; digital media; television; print media; and practices of media production, intervention, and representation. The contributors explore how figures at particular stages of life—particularly the girl and the aging woman—are constructed relationally and circulate within media, with particular attention to sexuality. The book emphasizes exploring the ways in which the category of generation is mobilized in order to gloss sexism, racism, ageism, class oppression, and the effects of neoliberalism. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Feminist Media Studies.

There is a growing knowledge base in understanding the differences and similarities between women and men, as well as the diversities among women and sexualities. Although genetic and biological characteristics define human beings conventionally as women and men, their experiences are contextualized in multiple dimensions in terms of gender, sexuality, class, age, ethnicity, and other social dimensions. Beyond the biological and genetic basis of gender differences, gender intersects with culture and other social locations which affect the socialization and development of women across their life span. This handbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date resource to understand the intersectionality of gender differences, to dispel myths, and to examine gender-relevant as well as culturally relevant implications and appropriate interventions. Featuring a truly international mix of contributors, and incorporating cross-cultural research and comparative perspectives, this handbook will inform mainstream psychology of the international literature on the psychology of women and gender.

This insightful Handbook offers a comprehensive exploration of the third generation of gender and federalism studies. In this timely and authoritative examination, feminist scholars in both the West and the global south debate the impact of state architectures on women’s movements, partisan organizations and policy advocacy using innovative discursive, institutional and intersectional approaches.