This Element explores the politics of literary translation via case studies from the Heinemann African Writers Series and the work of twenty-first-century literary translators in Cameroon. It intervenes in debates concerning multilingualism, race and decolonization, as well as methodological discussion in African literary studies, world literature, comparative literature and translation studies. The task of translating African literary texts has developed according to political and socio-economic contexts. It has contributed to the consecration of a canon of African classics and fuelled polemics around African languages. Yet retranslation remains rare and early translations are frequently criticised. This Element's primary focus on the labour rather than craft or art of translation emphasises the material basis that underpins who gets to translate and how that embodied labour occurs within the process of book production and reception. The arguments draw on close readings, fresh archival material, interviews, and co-production and observation of literary translation workshops.

An engaging overview of imperatives and a close examination of how different theoretical traditions have tried to explain them.

Study on the logic of normative discourse.

Research on left periphery phenomena has increased in the last 20 years, resulting in consistent studies from a wide range of languages and a fruitful debate on the functional projections within the CP system. Throughout these years, important contributions have been made on Brazilian Portuguese, especially on wh-interrogative sentences, focalization, topicalization and relative clauses. As for exclamative and imperative sentences, however, there is a considerable research gap in all grammatical levels. Regarding interrogatives, semantic and prosodic studies are still lacking (as well as research on the acquisition and processing of these constructions). This collected volume fills some of those gaps, gathering studies on wh-exclamatives, imperatives and wh-questions in Brazilian Portuguese which approach syntactical, semantical and prosodic aspects of these constructions through a rich and unregistered set of data. They also deliver novel acquisition and diachronic data that will further both the comprehension of Brazilian Portuguese grammar and the ongoing discussions on left periphery phenomena.

The first detailed investigation of the Greek translation of the Hebrew verbs in Chronicles, this book looks at the contribution of the translation to our understanding of the Hebrew verbal system in the Hellenistic period and the literalizing approach to translation.

Do not quench the Spirit! Strive for spiritual gifts! Walk in the Spirit! In these imperatives, all from the hand of Paul, the apostle regards the success of the Spirit’s work as dependent on human cooperation. Does Paul’s linking of divine power with human agency derive from the influences of his religious background, or is it a product of his own experience and thought? How does Paul think of the interrelation between Spirit and human agency? As the author answers these questions we are given an illuminating view both of the path along which Paul thinks the Spirit draws believers, and of the nature of the Spirit’s activity that Paul expects believers to embrace. This book will be welcomed by scholars and students working in the field of Pauline pneumatology and both scholarly and lay readers interested in the implications of Pauline pneumatology for Pentecostal/Renewal theology and practice.

Technical translation (and technical terminology) encompasses the translation of special language texts. 1. Style and Register covers clarity of style, culture-specific and author-reader conventions and expectation. 2. Special Applications deals with the contribution of translation to the dissemination of science. 3. Training and Autodidactic Approaches for Technical Translators: translators must master a broad range of frequently unanticipated topics, as well as linguistic competence. 4. Text Analysis and Text Typology as Tools for Technical Translators focuses attention on text typology and SGML in human translation and CAT. 5. Translation-Oriented Terminology Activities explores the different aspects of terminology: knowledge management, language planning, terminology resources and representation of concept systems.