Tracks Across Continents, Paths Through History

Tracks Across Continents, Paths Through History
Title Tracks Across Continents, Paths Through History PDF eBook
Author Douglas J. Puffert
Publisher University of Chicago Press
Pages 375
Release 2009-04
Genre Business & Economics
ISBN 0226685098

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A standard track gauge—the distance between the two rails—enables connecting railway lines to exchange traffic. But despite the benefits of standardization, early North American railways used six different gauges extensively, and even today breaks of gauge at national borders and within such countries as India and Australia are expensive burdens on commerce. In Tracks across Continents, Paths through History, Douglas J. Puffert offers a global history of railway track gauge, examining early choices and the dynamic process of diversity and standardization that resulted. Drawing on the economic theory of path dependence, and grounded in economic, technical, and institutional realities, this innovative volume traces how early historical events, and even idiosyncratic personalities, have affected choices of gauge ever since, despite changing technology and understandings of what gauge is optimal. Puffert also uses this history to develop new insights in the theory of path dependence. Tracks across Continents, Paths through History will be essential reading for anyone interested in how history and economics inform each other.

Handbook of Cliometrics

Handbook of Cliometrics
Title Handbook of Cliometrics PDF eBook
Author Claude Diebolt
Publisher Springer Nature
Pages 2796
Release
Genre
ISBN 3031355830

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Searching for a path out of distance fares

Searching for a path out of distance fares
Title Searching for a path out of distance fares PDF eBook
Author Norman Kellermann
Publisher Springer
Pages 277
Release 2018-08-29
Genre Business & Economics
ISBN 3658231122

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This work reconstructs the history of fare policy in the European passenger railway industry and integrates behavioural pricing theory into an agent-based simulation model for railway revenue management. The model is employed to conduct artificial experiments on fare innovations. It represents supply and demand on a transport market including car traffic and is calibrated with empirical data of an incumbent European railway. The model uses a combination of marketing concepts, dynamics in time and social interaction of consumers to analyse revenue effects of different pricing options. This book provides insights for readers interested in the commercial aspects of transportation history. Furthermore, it is directed at researchers interested in pricing theory and the simulation method. It is also a rich source of information for practitioners in the revenue management branches of transport enterprises.

Entrepreneurs Navigating a Universe of Disruption

Entrepreneurs Navigating a Universe of Disruption
Title Entrepreneurs Navigating a Universe of Disruption PDF eBook
Author Gerard Anthony Reed
Publisher Springer Nature
Pages 169
Release 2022-05-18
Genre Business & Economics
ISBN 981190703X

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This book details the exploratory stages of a research study that produced a framework for entrepreneurial endeavour and enterprise. It presents an unfolding discussion, throughout its chapters, regarding the entrepreneurial nature potential within us all, and the modes by which those involved in such activity, and associated innovative discoveries, can be informed by the skills and experience already in their possession. The book also provides, through its structure, a tool by which the entrepreneur, innovator, educator, student or those yet-to-be involved in the entrepreneurial arena can plan for the yet-to-be known eventualities of such endeavour. The parabolic scramble framework is backgrounded across the discussion of entrepreneurship and the necessity to deal with the tangible and intangibility of any venture, as well as other considered aspects that the entrepreneurial journey engenders.

Creative Ways to apply Historical GIS

Creative Ways to apply Historical GIS
Title Creative Ways to apply Historical GIS PDF eBook
Author Jordi Martí-Henneberg
Publisher Springer Nature
Pages 209
Release 2023-10-03
Genre Science
ISBN 3031217314

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This volume promotes the use of Historical GIS (H-GIS) for both education and research. It consists of a coherent set of chapters that allow readers to study the spatial histories of cities, infrastructure, landscapes, and more across Europe. Each chapter is accompanied by Electronic Supplementary Material (ESM) including GIS data, guides and complementary material in .pdf format, and more. To date, there are no similar materials available in this field compiled in a single book. Interdisciplinarity in spatial research is a main theme of this volume, and the text and tools provided here allow readers to combine inputs relating to the study of earth sciences, population, urban growth and transportation, focusing on changes over both space and time. Each chapter provides data in GIS format and also a user's guide to enable readers to deeply engage with the contents themselves. Guidelines are provided to help locate new data about other areas of the world, which users will be able to develop independently. The book is divided into three parts, each presenting different scales of study and analysis at the local, regional and national levels. Part One deals with general subjects analyzed across large areas, mainly within Europe. Part Two provides more specific subjects and data. Part Three covers sources and teaching with H-GIS. The book will be of interest to researchers, academics, teachers and students from secondary schools up to university level. Each subject and tutorial is aimed at a multi-level audience.

Open Standards and the Digital Age

Open Standards and the Digital Age
Title Open Standards and the Digital Age PDF eBook
Author Andrew L. Russell
Publisher Cambridge University Press
Pages 325
Release 2014-04-28
Genre History
ISBN 1139916610

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How did openness become a foundational value for the networks of the twenty-first century? Open Standards and the Digital Age answers this question through an interdisciplinary history of information networks that pays close attention to the politics of standardization. For much of the twentieth century, information networks such as the monopoly Bell System and the American military's Arpanet were closed systems subject to centralized control. In the 1970s and 1980s however, engineers in the United States and Europe experimented with design strategies to create new digital networks. In the process, they embraced discourses of 'openness' to describe their ideological commitments to entrepreneurship, technological innovation, and participatory democracy. The rhetoric of openness has flourished - for example, in movements for open government, open source software, and open access publishing - but such rhetoric also obscures the ways the Internet and other 'open' systems still depend heavily on hierarchical forms of control.

Economic Evolution and Revolution in Historical Time

Economic Evolution and Revolution in Historical Time
Title Economic Evolution and Revolution in Historical Time PDF eBook
Author Paul Rhode
Publisher Stanford University Press
Pages 484
Release 2011-01-28
Genre Business & Economics
ISBN 0804771855

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Papers originally presented at a conference sponsored by Stanford University's Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR) and held Sept. 26-27, 2008.