In this paper the behavior of three combinational rules for temporal/ sequential attribute data fusion for target type estimation are analyzed. The comparative analysis is based on: Dempster’s fusion rule proposed in Dempster-Shafer Theory.

The fourth volume on Advances and Applications of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) for information fusion collects theoretical and applied contributions of researchers working in different fields of applications and in mathematics. The contributions (see List of Articles published in this book, at the end of the volume) have been published or presented after disseminating the third volume (2009, http://fs.gallup.unm.edu/DSmT-book3.pdf) ininternational conferences, seminars, workshops and journals.

In recent years, the remarkable advances in medical imaging instruments have increased their use considerably for diagnostics as well as planning and follow-up of treatment. Emerging from the fields of radiology, medical physics and engineering, medical imaging no longer simply deals with the technology and interpretation of radiographic images. The limitless possibilities presented by computer science and technology, coupled with engineering advances in signal processing, optics and nuclear medicine have created the vastly expanded field of medical imaging. The Handbook of Medical Imaging is the first comprehensive compilation of the concepts and techniques used to analyze and manipulate medical images after they have been generated or digitized. The Handbook is organized in six sections that relate to the main functions needed for processing: enhancement, segmentation, quantification, registration, visualization as well as compression storage and telemedicine. * Internationally renowned authors(Johns Hopkins, Harvard, UCLA, Yale, Columbia, UCSF) * Includes imaging and visualization * Contains over 60 pages of stunning, four-color images

This carefully edited book comprises the papers from EUROFUSE 2011 Workshop on Fuzzy Methods for Knowledge-based Systems. EUROFUSE was established in 1998 as the EURO (the Association of European Operational Research Societies) Working Group on Fuzzy Sets, as a successor of the former European Chapter of IFSA (the International Fuzzy Systems Association). The present EUROFUSE 2011 workshop is held at Régua, Portugal, 21-23 September, in the World Heritage Site of the Douro Wine Region and is organised by Pedro Melo-Pinto and Pedro Couto. The workshop is devoted to Fuzzy Methods for Knowledge-based Systems. And has the goal to bring together researchers and practitioners developing and applying fuzzy techniques in preference modelling and decision making in an informal atmosphere. EUROFUSE 2011 has three distinguished invited speakers: Francisco Herrera (Granada, Spain), Radko Mesiar (Bratislava, Slovakia) and Jose Luis Garcia Lapresta (Valladolid, Spain). Next to the invited speakers, the three day program consists of 37 lectures. In total, there are 70 participants from 10 countries. This edited volume contains the final revised manuscripts on the basis of which the program was put together.

Maritime piracy is the cause of widespread international concern, and the number of pirate attacks has increased substantially in recent years. Many commercial vessels are inherently vulnerable to attack because of their size and relative slowness, and technological improvements have resulted in smaller crews on large vessels, whilst the absence of enforcement agencies in international waters has served only to make pirates more daring. Collaborative human-centric information support systems can significantly improve the ability of every nation to predict and prevent pirate attacks, or to recognize the nature and size of an attack rapidly when prevention fails, and improve the collective response to an emergency. This book presents the papers delivered at the NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) Prediction and Recognition of Piracy Efforts Using Collaborative Human-Centric Information Systems, held in Salamanca, Spain, in September 2011. A significant observation from previous NATO Advanced Study Institutes and Workshops was that domain experts responsible for maritime security were not fully aware of the wide variety of technological solutions available to enhance their support systems, and that although technology experts have a general understanding of the requirements in security systems, they often lacked knowledge concerning the operational constraints affecting those who implement security procedures. This ASI involved both technology and domain experts, as well as students from related fields of study. It offered an opportunity for them to discuss the issues surrounding the prediction, recognition and deterrence of maritime piracy, and will be of interest to all those whose work is related to this internationally important issue.