Time and space are two of the most basic dimensions of human life. They envelop all human beings from birth to death. As such, they provide the context for human existence. At the same time, however, time and space also serve as major influencing factors in mankind's actions. Hence, a vast literature has developed on time and space as separate dimensions, and recently on time-space as joint dimensions. Interestingly enough, the social connotations of time and space have mostly been studied with the individual human being in mind. The more societal significance of time and space, whether separately or jointly, have been relatively neglected. It is the purpose of this volume to help fill this lacuna through discussions on some of the many junctions of time, space, and society at large. The discussion will naturally involve concepts and findings from more than just one discipline -- notably, geography, sociology, social history and political science. It is, thus, obvious that the topic may be highlighted from several perspectives. Given my own education and work, the approach will lean more to the geographical perspective. Geography has a special merit as an integrating framework for the study of time, space, and society. It is a discipline that has space at the center of its raison d'etre and, as such, has always striven for integration, holism and comprehensiveness.

Originally published in 1982, Time Resources, Society and Ecology examines and seeks to examine the time dimension in terms of the ecology, technology, social organization and spatial structure of the human habitat. Approaches to time resources – sociological time-budget studies, anthropological activity analysis, and economic analysis of money allocation – have been limited by their sectoral scope or their failure to relate effectively to the processes of social interaction, technological change and environmental structure. In this book, the book’s articulation of time resources is developed in a general theoretical framework of action and interaction in time and space. The book examines constraints and possibilities facing preindustrial societies and throws light on the impact of technology on modern societies. Basic models of time allocation are presented, and, finally, a cross-cultural comparison is made of the mobilization of time resources in preindustrial societies. Geographers, social anthropologists and human ecologists should find this work directly relevant to their interest in understanding the interactions between man and environment.

In recent years there has been a growing concern for the development of both efficient and effective ways to handle space-time problems. Such developments should be theoretically as well as empirically oriented. Regardless of which of these two arenas one enters. the impression is quickly gained that contemporary wO,rk on dynamic and evolutionary models has not proved to be as illuminating and rewarding as first anticipated. Historically speaking. the single. most important lesson this avenue of research has provided. is that linear models are woefully inadequate when dominant non-linear trends and relationships prevail. and that independent activities and actions are all but non-existent in the real-world. Meanwhile. one prominent imp 1 ication stemming from this 1 iterature is that the easiest modelling tasks are those of specifying good dynamic space-time models. Somewhat more problematic are the statistical questions of model specification. parameter estimation. and model validation. whereas even more problematic is the operationalization of evolutionary conceptual models. A timely next step in spatial analysis would seem to be a return to basics. with a pronounced focus both on specific problems (and data) and on the mechanisms that transform phenomena through space and/or time'. It appears that these transformation mechanisms must embrace both non-linear and autoregressive formalisms. Given. also. the variety of geographic forms. they must allow for bifurcation points to emerge. too.

This is the first comprehensive bibliography of temporal scholarship-research on the subject of time and the phenomenon of time itself. As the author notes in his introduction, the nature of research insights on the subject of time is difficult to comprehend within the confines of any specific discipline since relevant materials are scattered throughout the literature in numerous scholarly fields. By bringing together the most significant published works in a wide variety of disciplines, this unique compendium enables scholars and researchers to look beyond their own particular area of expertise when selecting appropriate resource materials. Throughout, the focus is on the time dimension itself as a problematic or researchable phenomenon rather than on narrow topics such as time management, time series analysis, or forecasting. Organized by discipline, the work begins with an initial chapter that lists general works on the time dimension. Nineteen chapters then list works in particular disciplines ranging from anthropology and culture to biology, economics, futures studies, history, linguistics, management studies, psychology, and more. The final chapter lists miscellaneous entries which could not be categorized into any of the specific disciplinary headings. Within each chapter, entries are arranged alphabetically by author or editor. Nearly all sources are from scholarly journals and books.

This book is the second volume in a new series on 'Great Minds in Regional Science,' which seeks to present a contemporary view on the scientific relevance of the work done by great thinkers in regional science. This volume presents, among others, Adam Smith, Johann Heinrich von Thünen, and Alan Wilson. Each chapter combines factual biographical information about the ‘Great Mind,’ a description of their major contributions, and a discussion of the broader context of their work, as well as an assessment of its current relevance, scientific recognition, and policy impact. The book attempts to fill a gap in our knowledge and to respond to the growing interest in the formation and development of the field of regional science and its key influential figures.

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Cappuccini, San Miniato, Italy, July 18-30, 1982

Originally published in 1991. A multidisciplinary guide in the form of a bibliography of selected time-related books and articles divided into 25 existing academic disciplines and about 100 subdisciplines which have a wide application to time studies.