The previously investigated three-dimensional boundary layer near the plane of symmetry of an inclined spheroid is extended along three directions: wider range of solutions, explanations to questions left unanswered before, and comparisons with experiments. Extended solutions provide more complete trends for incidences from zero to 90 degrees and for thickness ratios ranging from unity for a sphere to nearly zero for a long inclined sylinder. Among these trends is how the separation changes from one type to another and then back again with increasing incidence. Explanations are given for a number of unconventional features; included here is why the lateral derivative of the cross velocity profile reverses. Agreement with Wilson's recent experiments (designed specifically for partial check of the results obtained earlier) enhances the significance of the investigation undertaken.

The report documents the program 'BLIND3' and its associated difference methods. BLIND3 stands for Boundary Layer in 3 Dimensions. This program is for calculating genuine three-dimensional, incompressible, laminar boundary layer over a blunt-body at incidence. The whole calculation consists of the following five parts: inviscid calculations from known inviscid solution, stagnation-point boundary layer, symmetry-plane boundary layer, nose region boundary layer, and main body boundary layer. This program has been written in FORTRAN 5 language, and used for a UNIVAC 1108 computer in batch mode and under Exec. 8 system. It has been employed to obtain complete boundary layer solutions for a prolate spheroid at low and high incidences.

This work concerns an investigation of three-dimensional laminar boundary layer over a blunt body (prolate spheroid) at low incidence and with reversed flow. Results reflecting the general characteristics of such a problem are presented. More significant are the features relating to the circumferential-flow reversal.

This report summarizes the objectives and accomplishments of an experimental and theoretical investigation of the boundary layer development on bodies of revolution at incidence. The results of the flow visualization studies in laminar flow, detailed measurements in a turbulent boundary layer, and calculations of laminar as well as turbulent boundary layers using two different numerical schemes and turbulence models are reviewed to emphasize the important characteristics of separation in three dimensions.

An investigation is carried out into the structure of the laminar boundary layer originating from the forward stagnation point of a prolate spheroid at incidence in a uniform stream, assuming that the external velocity distribution is given by attached potential theory. The principal new results of the study are: (1) A new transformation of the body coordinates is devised which facilitates the computation of the solution near the nose, (2) Two variations of the standard box method of solving the equations are devised to enable solutions to be computed in regions of cross-flow reversal, (3) Whereas in two dimensional flows the effect of the boundary layer approaching separation on the external flow may be represented by a blowing velocity, in the present study we find that this is only true near the windward line of symmetry, (4) The boundary layer over the whole of the spheroid cannot be computed in an integration from the forward stagnation point. (5) For alpha> or = 15 deg the accessible region on the leeward side of the ok is largely determined by the external streamline through the ok.

Three-dimensional thin boundary-layer equations for laminar and turbulent flows are solved by two different numerical schemes. The methods are applied to the flow over bodies of revolution at incidence and the results are compared with the available experimental data in order to study the range of validity of the classical boundary-layer approximations in regions of increasing circumferential gradients and flow reversal associated with the early stages of a free-vortex type of separation. Comparison with the DFVLR 6:1 spheroid data of Meier et al and the 4:1 combination-body data of Ramaprian, Patel and Choi indicate that the methods perform well in regions where the boundary layer remains thin but the predictions deteriorate as the boundary layer thickens. The results point out the need for the development of methods of handle thick boundary layers and viscous-inviscid interactions. (Author).