Theocritus (early third century BCE) was the inventor of the bucolic genre, also known as pastoral. The present edition of his work, along with that of his successors Moschus (fl. mid-second century BCE) and Bion (fl. around 100 BCE), replaces the earlier Loeb Classical Library volume of Greek Bucolic Poets by J. M. Edmonds (1912).

Originally published in 1953, this book provides a series of English translations from ancient Greek bucolic poetry by Theocritus, Moschus and Bion. A detailed introduction is included, with information on each of the poets. Textual notes are incorporated throughout. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in ancient Greek literature, literary criticism and bucolic poetry.

MOSCHUS of Syracuse, 2nd century B.C., came next. As a 'grammarian' he wrote a (lost) work on Rhodian dialect. Though he was classed as bucolic, his extant poetry (mainly 'Runaway Love' and the story of 'Europa') is not really pastoral, the 'Lament for Bion' not being Moschus's work. 'Megara' may be Theocritus; but 'The Dead Adonis' is much later. BION of Phlossa near Smyrna lived in Sicily, probably late 2nd and early 1st century B.C. Most of the extant poems are not really bucolic, but 'Lament for Adonis' is floridly brilliant. 'Myrson and Lycidas' is probably not by Bion. The so-called Pattern-Poems, included in the 'bucolic' tradition, are found also in the Greek Anthology.

This is the first full-scale commentary on poems by Theocritus since Gow's edition of 1950, and the first to exploit the recent revolution in the study of Hellenistic and Roman poetry; the poems included in this volume (Idylls 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 11 and 13) are principally the bucolic poems which, through their influence on Virgil, established the Western pastoral tradition. The focus of the commentary is literary - both on how Theocritus exploited the classical heritage for a new type of poetry, and on what that poetry meant in the third century BC. The commentary, together with the introductory essays to each poem, makes a major contribution to the understanding of this extraordinary poetic form. The Introduction explores the meaning of 'bucolic', the presentation of a stylised countryside, the importance of eros in the bucolic world, and Theocritus' verbal and metrical style.

Brill's Companion to Theocritus offers an up-to-date guide to a thorough understanding of Theocritus’ literary output. Exploring his corpus from a variety of novel perspectives, it presents a detailed account of the intricacy of Theocritus’ poetic art.