Compêndio de avaliação de sensoriamento remoto temático compreendendo avaliação de precisão, de precisão geométrica, de precisão temática, relatório de erro, representação de erro e estudo de casos.

The goal of this research is to develop a new approach to remote sensing thematic accuracy assessment in which the spectral distances between the classes in a thematic classification are used as inputs to the error estimation process. The conceptual basis for this new approach is that the confusion of relatively spectrally different classes represents a more severe error than confusing relatively spectrally similar classes. Therefore, the accuracy estimate of a classification can be adjusted to take into account the 'spectral severities' (or misclassification costs) of the errors in that classification. The benefits of including inter-class spectral distances in the accuracy assessment process are shown in the context of the development of two new accuracy assessment measures called Spectrally Weighted Kappa (SWK) and Spectrally Weighted Fuzzy (SWF). These two new accuracy assessment methods are introduced and tested for their performance relative to current techniques. The results of this research demonstrate that inter-class spectral distances can be used effectively in accuracy assessment of thematic classifications. The SWK approach can provide information about the spectral costs of errors in a classification that is not as apparent with traditional methods. In addition, SWK provides a quantitative base for establishing weights for Weighted Kappa analysis and allows for the possibility of improving a classification during its development. The SWF method improves upon current fuzzy accuracy assessment techniques by providing a way to establish membership functions that is based on inter-class spectral distances. We have shown that the SWF method can provide fuzzy membership values that are similar to those that a well-trained human might choose. Therefore, in cases where multiple interpreters would normally have been used to create fuzzy membership values, the SWF method can be employed reduce inter-interpreter bias. In addition, the SWF method provides a quanti.

The past 10 years have brought amazing changes to the technologies used to turn remotely sensed data into maps. As a result, the principles and practices necessary for assessing the accuracy of those maps have also evolved and matured. This third edition of Assessing the Accuracy of Remotely Sensed Data: Principles and Practices is thoroughly updated and includes five new chapters. Now 15 chapters long, this text is the only one of its kind to provide geospatial analysts with the requisite considerations, tools, and theory necessary to conduct successful and efficient map accuracy assessments; and map users with the knowledge to fully understand the assessment process to ensure effective use of maps. See What’s New in the Third Edition: All original chapters have been updated to include new standards, practices, and methodologies. A new chapter on planning accuracy assessments. A new chapter on assessing maps created using object-based technologies. Two case study chapters - one showcasing the assessment of maps created from traditional methods, and one on the assessment of object-based maps. Emphasis on considering and planning for positional accuracy in concert with thematic accuracy. An appendix containing the internationally recognized ASPRS Positional Accuracy Standards. A new final chapter summarizing the key concepts, considerations and lessons learned by the authors in their decades of implementing and evaluating accuracy assessments. Assessing map accuracy is complex; however, the discussions in this book, together with the many figures, tables, and case studies, clearly present the necessary concepts and considerations for conducting an assessment that is both is practical, statistically reliable, and achievable.

Accuracy assessment of maps derived from remotely sensed data has continued to grow since the first edition of this groundbreaking book. As a result, the much-anticipated new edition is significantly expanded and enhanced to reflect growth in the field. The new edition features three new chapters, including: Fuzzy accuracy assessmentPositional accu

This guidance is a revision and update of the 1994 guidance on thematic accuracy assessment for the NPS Vegetation Inventory (Environmental Systems Research Institute et al. 1994). The revision incorporates the sampling design and analysis principles described by the 1994 version as a sound starting framework and by augments them with practical experience gained by the NPS and its cooperators and contractors at more than 100 NPS parks over 15 years. NPS staff informally interviewed many individuals in and outside the NPS who have been involved in project production and oversight. We evaluated specifically thematic accuracy assessment practices in the field and in analysis at more than 30 NPS parks. As a result, this guidance is designed to be scientifically sound, but also practical to implement. While it specifically addresses NPS objectives, it may also be found useful as guidance for other organizations that assess the accuracy of vegetation maps.

An important text that identifies and introduces new trends in image analysis Digital Analysis of Remotely Sensed Imagery provides thorough coverage of the entire process of analyzing remotely sensed data for the purpose of producing accurate representations in thematic map format. Written in easy-to-follow language with minimal technical jargon, the book explores cutting-edge techniques and trends in image analysis, as well as the relationship between image processing and other recently emerged special technologies.