The twin-island state of São Tomé and Príncipe, located in the Gulf of Guinea, is the second smallest African country, after the Seychelles. The essays of this collection highlight crucial periods and important events in the country’s varied and eventful history, which spans more than 500 years. Portugal colonised the islands twice in significantly different economic and historical contexts: first, in the sixteenth century during its maritime expansion, and secondly in the latter half of the nineteenth century, at the beginning of the colonisation of Africa by European powers. In these two periods, the small islands played a pioneering role in the economic history of sugar and cocoa, respectively. Following independence in 1975, the country’s economic development has fallen far short of expectations and consequently its dependence on foreign aid has persisted. Nevertheless, external observers have considered the archipelago of 225,000 inhabitants to be a model of parliamentary democracy in Africa.

A RUSA 2007 Outstanding Reference Title The Encyclopedia of the Developing World is a comprehensive work on the historical and current status of developing countries. Containing more than 750 entries, the Encyclopedia encompasses primarily the years since 1945 and defines development broadly, addressing not only economics but also civil society and social progress. Entries cover the most important theories and measurements of development; relate historical events, movements, and concepts to development both internationally and regionally where applicable; examine the contributions of the most important persons and organizations; and detail the progress made within geographic regions and by individual countries.

The 'World Book Encyclopedia' was first published in 1917 as an 8-volume set. The encyclopedia has been expanded many times through the years and now has 22 volumes. This edition contains 2900 new or revised articles, 200 new or revised maps, 225 new photos, 212 new tables and charts, and 4890 pages are revised.

An encyclopedia designed especially to meet the needs of elementary, junior high, and senior high school students.

A geographical encyclopedia of world place names contains alphabetized entries with detailed statistics on location, name pronunciation, topography, history, and economic and cultural points of interest.