Vortex methods have matured in recent years, offering an interesting alternative to finite difference and spectral methods for high resolution numerical solutions of the Navier Stokes equations. In the past three decades, research into the numerical analysis aspects of vortex methods has provided a solid mathematical background for understanding the accuracy and stability of the method. At the same time vortex methods retain their appealing physical character, which was the motivation for their introduction. This book presents and analyzes vortex methods as a tool for the direct numerical simulation of impressible viscous flows. It will interest graduate students and researchers in numerical analysis and fluid mechanics and also serve as an ideal textbook for courses in fluid dynamics.

Incompressible computational fluid dynamics is an emerging and important discipline, with numerous applications in industry and science. Its methods employ rigourous mathematical analysis far beyond what is presently possible for compressible flows. Vortex methods, finite elements, and spectral methods are emphasised. Contributions from leading experts in the various sub-fields portray the wide-ranging nature of the subject. The book provides an entrée into the current research in the field. It can also serve as a source book for researchers and others who require information on methods and techniques.

The Dynamics of Combustion Systems are presented in three parts in this book. Together they provide a step towards the automatic control of explosions. The exothermic character of combustion systems, their fluid dynamic features, and explosive nature, are covered by this work which also provides a technical monograph for readers with some background in combustion technology. The book is likely to appeal to graduate students, and researchers in academia and industry.

Many important phenomena in fluid motion are evident in vortex flow, i.e., flows in which vortical structures are significant in determining the whole flow. This book, which consists of lectures given at a NATO ARW held in Grenoble (France) in June 1992, provides an up-to-date account of current research in the study of these phenomena by means of numerical methods and mathematical modelling. Such methods include Eulerian methods (finite difference, spectral and wavelet methods) as well as Lagrangian methods (contour dynamics, vortex methods) and are used to study such topics as 2- or 3-dimensional turbulence, vorticity generation by solid bodies, shear layers and vortex sheets, and vortex reconnection. For researchers and graduate students in computational fluid dynamics, numerical analysis, and applied mathematics.

The book introduces the fundamentals of fluid-mechanics, momentum theories, vortex theories and vortex methods necessary for the study of rotors aerodynamics and wind-turbines aerodynamics in particular. Rotor theories are presented in a great level of details at the beginning of the book. These theories include: the blade element theory, the Kutta-Joukowski theory, the momentum theory and the blade element momentum method. A part of the book is dedicated to the description and implementation of vortex methods. The remaining of the book focuses on the study of wind turbine aerodynamics using vortex-theory analyses or vortex-methods. Examples of vortex-theory applications are: optimal rotor design, tip-loss corrections, yaw-models and dynamic inflow models. Historical derivations and recent extensions of the models are presented. The cylindrical vortex model is another example of a simple analytical vortex model presented in this book. This model leads to the development of different BEM models and it is also used to provide the analytical velocity field upstream of a turbine or a wind farm under aligned or yawed conditions. Different applications of numerical vortex methods are presented. Numerical methods are used for instance to investigate the influence of a wind turbine on the incoming turbulence. Sheared inflows and aero-elastic simulations are investigated using vortex methods for the first time. Many analytical flows are derived in details: vortex rings, vortex cylinders, Hill's vortex, vortex blobs etc. They are used throughout the book to devise simple rotor models or to validate the implementation of numerical methods. Several Matlab programs are provided to ease some of the most complex implementations.

This book aims to provide a comprehensive study of the mathematical theory of the vortex method, from its origins in the 1930s, through the developments of the '70s when the use of computers made advanced research possible, to current work on this subject in China and elsewhere. The five chapters treat vortex methods for the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations; mathematical theory for incompressible flows; convergence of vortex methods for the Euler equations; convergence of viscosity splitting; and convergence of the random vortex method. Audience: This volume will be of interest to researchers and graduate students of applied mathematics, scientists in fluid dynamics, and aviation engineers.

This IMA Volume in Mathematics and its Applications HYDRODYNAMIC BEHAVIOR AND INTERACTING PARTICLE SYSTEMS is in part the proceedings of a workshop which was an integral part of the 1985-86 IMA program on STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS. We are grateful to the Scientific Committee: Daniel Stroock (Chairman) Wendell Fleming Theodore Harris Pierre-Louis Lions Steven Orey George Papanicolaou for planning and implementing an exciting and stimulating year-long program. We especially thank the Program Organizer, George Papanicolaou for orga nizing a workshop which brought together scientists and mathematicians in a variety of areas for a fruitful exchange of ideas. George R. Sell Hans Weinberger PREFACE A workshop on the hydrodynamic behavior of interacting particle systems was held at the Institute for Mathematics and its Applications at the University of Minnesota during the week of March 17, 1986. Fifteen papers presented at the workshop are collected in this volume. They contain research in several different directions that are currently being pursued. The paper of Chaikin, Dozier and Lindsay is concerned with experimental results on suspensions in regimes where modern mathematical methods could be useful. The paper of Fritz gives an introduction to these methods as does the paper of Spohn. Analytical methods currently used by in the physics and chemistry literature are presented in the paper of Freed, Wang and Douglas. The paper of Caflisch deals with time dependent effects in sedimentation.