Preface: This is the first of three volumes devoted to the activities of the Chemical Warfare Service in World War II. Part one of the present volume traces the organization and administration of the Chemical Warfare Service from its origins in World War I up through World War II. Part two deals with training of military personnel for offensive and defensive chemical warfare in the same period.

History is constantly changing. What we know of past events is based on someone's interpretation. Even first-person accounts can vary widely and, in fact, did in the reports of Benedict Arnold's conduct at the second Battle of Saratoga in 1777. The conventional histories were based on a now-discredited account by one officer. A letter made public in 2016 painted a different version of events more favorable to Arnold. Hallowed Ground: How Forgotten Battles Changed America provides a fresh look at history through the lens of battles that deserve new attention, starting with the Saratoga Campaign. The little-taught Mexican War that preceded the Civil War is too easily recalled as an important training ground for the legendary military leaders of the Civil War. It was also a land grab condemned by Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant, Henry Clay, and many others. The issues of technology and preparedness are major themes of the chapters on Selma, Alabama, during the Civil War and the Saint-Mihiel offensive in World War I. Selma was a focal point of Confederate efforts to build munitions while the US Army played catchup on aircraft, tanks, and wireless communications at Saint-Mihiel. Future American military leaders such as George Patton, Dwight Eisenhower, and William Mitchell quickly learned the new technologies. The fifth chapter tells the forgotten story of one of the most inspiring Americans of the twentieth century, Dr. Gordon Seagrave, a Baptist missionary on the northern frontier of Burma who became one of the military's greatest combat surgeons.

World War I was the first large-scale industrialized military conflict, and it led to the concept of total war. The essays in this volume analyze the experience of the war in light of this concept's implications, in particular the erosion of distinctions between the military and civilian spheres.

An account of the American Expeditionary Force’s attack and “an excellent guide to trace the locations of one of the last great battles of the Great War” (On the Old Barbed Wire). The St. Mihiel Offensive, which took place between the 12th and 16th September 1918, was the first full-scale attack that was under the direct command of the Americans, in the person of General J. Pershing. He combined his command of the First (at the time the only) American Army with that of Commander in Chief of the AEF, a tremendous burden. The American attack (with the assistance of a French Corps) was an outstanding success and the Germans were forced into a rapid withdrawal to the Michel Line, a strongly defended position that formed the Hindenburg Line in this area. On the other hand, the success was in part assisted by the fact that the Germans intended to withdraw from the exposed position of the Salient back to this line, the only question being the timing of such a move. Historians argue about whether the move had actually begun or not; but the reality is that senior German officers knew that it was imminent and certainly some heavier artillery had already been pulled back. It is probable that relatively easy success here led to overconfidence among some that the next offensive, the Meuse-Argonne—to the north and scheduled to begin on the 26th, would have a similar outcome. If so they were in for a rude awakening. This book is profusely illustrated with contemporary photographs and numerous maps, the narrative supplemented by a number of firsthand accounts; the whole is supported by several walking and car tours.

The training, deployment and combat action of the 90th division during WWII. Donated by Manning Thornhill.