The Targeting System of Language

The Targeting System of Language
Title The Targeting System of Language PDF eBook
Author Leonard Talmy
Publisher MIT Press
Pages 673
Release 2024-04-09
Genre Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN 0262551799

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A proposal that a single linguistic/cognitive system, “targeting,” underlies two domains of reference, anaphora (speech-internal) and deixis (speech-external). In this book, Leonard Talmy proposes that a single linguistic/cognitive system, targeting, underlies two domains of linguistic reference, those termed anaphora (for a referent that is an element of the current discourse) and deixis (for a referent outside the discourse and in the spatiotemporal surroundings). Talmy argues that language engages the same cognitive system to single out referents whether they are speech-internal or speech-external. Talmy explains the targeting system in this way: as a speaker communicates with a hearer, her attention is on an object to which she wishes to refer; this is her target. To get the hearer's attention on it as well, she uses a trigger—a word such as this, that, here, there, or now. The trigger initiates a three-stage process in the hearer: he seeks cues of ten distinct categories; uses these cues to determine the target; and then maps the concept of the target gleaned from the cues back onto the trigger to integrate it into the speaker's sentence, achieving comprehension. The whole interaction, Talmy explains, rests on a coordination of the speaker's and hearer's cognitive processing. The process is the same whether the referent is anaphoric or deictic. Talmy presents and analyzes the ten categories of cues, and examines sequences in targeting, including the steps by which interaction leads to joint attention. A glossary defines the new terms in the argument.

Language Acquisition

Language Acquisition
Title Language Acquisition PDF eBook
Author Susan Foster-Cohen
Publisher Springer
Pages 354
Release 2009-07-16
Genre Education
ISBN 023024078X

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This book provides a snapshot of the field of language acquisition at the beginning of the 21st Century. It represents the multiplicity of approaches that characterize the field and provides a review of current topics and debates, as well as addressing some of the connections between sub-fields and possible future directions for research.

Toward a Cognitive Semantics

Toward a Cognitive Semantics
Title Toward a Cognitive Semantics PDF eBook
Author Leonard Talmy
Publisher MIT Press
Pages 574
Release 2000-09-11
Genre Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN 0262201208

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V.1 concept structuring systems -- V.2 Typology and process in concept structuring.

The Routledge Handbook of Language and Persuasion

The Routledge Handbook of Language and Persuasion
Title The Routledge Handbook of Language and Persuasion PDF eBook
Author Jeanne Fahnestock
Publisher Taylor & Francis
Pages 584
Release 2022-09-30
Genre Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN 1000573338

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This handbook provides a wide-ranging, authoritative, and cutting-edge overview of language and persuasion. Featuring a range of international contributors, the handbook outlines the basic materials of linguistic persuasion – sound, words, syntax, and discourse – and the rhetorical basics that they enable, such as appeals, argument schemes, arrangement strategies, and accommodation devices. After a comprehensive introduction that brings together the elements of linguistics and the vectors of rhetoric, the handbook is divided into six parts. Part I covers the basic rhetorical appeals to character, the emotions, argument schemes, and types of issues that constitute persuasion. Part II covers the enduring effects of persuasive language, from humor to polarization, while a special group of chapters in Part III examines figures of speech and their rhetorical uses. In Part IV, contributors focus on different fields and genres of argument as entry points for research into conventions of arguing. Part V examines the evolutionary and developmental roots of persuasive language, and Part VI highlights new computational methods of language analysis. This handbook is essential reading for those researching and studying persuasive language in the fields of linguistics, rhetoric, argumentation, communication, discourse studies, political science, psychology, digital studies, mass media, and journalism.

Theoretical Perspectives on Language Deficits

Theoretical Perspectives on Language Deficits
Title Theoretical Perspectives on Language Deficits PDF eBook
Author Yosef Grodzinsky
Publisher MIT Press
Pages 224
Release 1990
Genre Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN 9780262071239

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This critical history of research on acquired language deficits (aphasias) demonstrates the usefulness of linguistic analysis of aphasic syndrome for neuropsychology, linguistics, and psycholinguistics. Drawing on new empirical studies, Grodzinsky concludes that the use of grammatical tools for the description of the aphasias is critical. The selective nature of these deficits offers a novel view into the inner workings of our language faculty and the mechanisms that support it.In contrast to other proposals that the left anterior cerebral cortex is crucial for all syntactic capacity, Grodzinsky's discoveries support his theory that this region is necessary for only a small component of the human language faculty. On this basis he provides a detailed explanation for many aphasic phenomena - including a number of puzzling cross-linguistic aphasia differences - and uses aphasic data to evaluate competing linguistic theories.Yosef Grodzinsky is a member of the psychology faculty at Tel Aviv University. "Theoretical Perspectives on Language Deficits" is included in the series Biology of Language and Cognition, edited by John P. Marshall. A Bradford Book.

The Core Language Engine

The Core Language Engine
Title The Core Language Engine PDF eBook
Author Hiyan Alshawi
Publisher MIT Press
Pages 356
Release 1992
Genre Computational linguistics
ISBN 9780262011266

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Demonstratives, Deictic Pointing and the Conceptualization of Space

Demonstratives, Deictic Pointing and the Conceptualization of Space
Title Demonstratives, Deictic Pointing and the Conceptualization of Space PDF eBook
Author Holger Diessel
Publisher Frontiers Media SA
Pages 224
Release 2021-05-19
Genre Science
ISBN 2889667820

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