The Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction

The Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction
Title The Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction PDF eBook
Author David Aitchison Smith
Publisher Springer
Pages 433
Release 2019-02-05
Genre Medical
ISBN 3030035263

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Understanding the molecular mechanism of muscle contraction started with the discovery that striated muscle is composed of interdigitating filaments which slide against each other. Sliding filaments and the working-stroke mechanism provide the framework for individual myosin motors to act in parallel, generating tension and loaded shortening with an efficient use of chemical energy. Our knowledge of this exquisitely structured molecular machine has exploded in the last four decades, thanks to a bewildering array of techniques for studying intact muscle, muscle fibres, myofibrils and single myosin molecules. After reviewing the mechanical and biochemical background, this monograph shows how old and new experimental discoveries can be modelled, interpreted and incorporated into a coherent mathematical theory of contractility at the molecular level. The theory is applied to steady-state and transient phenomena in muscle fibres, wing-beat oscillations in insect flight muscle, motility assays and single-molecule experiments with optical trapping. Such a synthesis addresses major issues, most notably whether a single myosin motor is driven by a working stroke or a ratchet mechanism, how the working stroke is coupled to phosphate release, and whether one cycle of attachment is driven by the hydrolysis of one molecule of ATP. Ways in which the theory can be extended are explored in appendices. A separate theory is required for the cooperative regulation of muscle by calcium via tropomyosin and troponin on actin filaments. The book reviews the evolution of models for actin-based regulation, culminating in a model motivated by cryo-EM studies where tropomyosin protomers are linked to form a continuous flexible chain. It also explores muscle behaviour as a function of calcium level, including emergent phenomena such as spontaneous oscillatory contractions and direct myosin regulation by its regulatory light chains. Contraction models can be extended to all levels of calcium-activation by embedding them in a cooperative theory of thin-filament regulation, and a method for achieving this grand synthesis is proposed. Dr. David Aitchison Smith is a theoretical physicist with thirty years of research experience in modelling muscle contractility, in collaboration with experimental groups in different laboratories.

Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology
Title Anatomy and Physiology PDF eBook
Author J. Gordon Betts
Publisher
Pages 0
Release 2013-04-25
Genre
ISBN 9781947172807

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Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology
Title Anatomy & Physiology PDF eBook
Author Lindsay Biga
Publisher
Pages
Release 2019-09-26
Genre
ISBN 9781955101158

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A version of the OpenStax text

Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists

Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists
Title Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists PDF eBook
Author David Chambers
Publisher Cambridge University Press
Pages 469
Release 2019-07-25
Genre Medical
ISBN 1108463991

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Easily understood, up-to-date and clinically relevant, this book provides junior anaesthetists with an essential physiology resource.

Mechanism of Muscular Contraction

Mechanism of Muscular Contraction
Title Mechanism of Muscular Contraction PDF eBook
Author Jack A. Rall
Publisher Springer
Pages 480
Release 2014-10-21
Genre Medical
ISBN 1493920073

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This book describes the evolution of ideas relating to the mechanism of muscular contraction since the discovery of sliding filaments in 1954. An amazing variety of experimental techniques have been employed to investigate the mechanism of muscular contraction and relaxation. Some background of these various techniques is presented in order to gain a fuller appreciation of their strengths and weaknesses. Controversies in the muscle field are discussed along with some missed opportunities and false trails. The pathway to ATP and the high energy phosphate bond will be discussed, as well as the discovery of myosin, contraction coupling and the emergence of cell and molecular biology in the muscle field. Numerous figures from original papers are also included for readers to see the data that led to important conclusions. This book is published on behalf of the American Physiological Society by Springer. Access to APS books published with Springer is free to APS members.

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics
Title Skeletal Muscle Mechanics PDF eBook
Author W. Herzog
Publisher John Wiley & Sons
Pages 586
Release 2000-10-03
Genre Science
ISBN 9780471492382

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Dieses Teilgebiet der Biomechanik ist für Sportwissenschaftler und Physiologen von großer Bedeutung! Die umfassende, aktuelle Abhandlung der Skelettmuskelmechanik beschäftigt sich mit drei Themenkreisen: den Mechanismen der Skelettmuskelkontraktion, der Muskelfunktion in vivo und theoretischen Modellen der Muskelfunktion. Auch ein knapper historischer Abriß und ein Ausblick auf noch offene Fragen fehlen nicht. (08/00)

Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal Muscle
Title Skeletal Muscle PDF eBook
Author Brian R. MacIntosh
Publisher Human Kinetics
Pages 436
Release 2006
Genre Medical
ISBN 9780736045179

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Provides readers with a detailed understanding of the different facets of muscle physiology. Examines motoneuron and muscle structure and function. It is intended for those need to know about skeletal muscle--from undergraduate and graduate students gaining advanced knowledge in kinesiology to physiotherapists, physiatrists, and other professionals whose work demands understanding of muscle form and function.