Excerpt from The Science of Education, Vol. 1 of 2: In Its Sociological and Historical Aspects In his latest Report the President of Columbia University, Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, makes the following confession: "For a quarter century past, American educational practice has been steadily losing its hold upon guiding principle and has, therefore, increasingly come to float upon the tide of mere opinion, without standards, without purpose and without insight." Any one familiar with recent educational history will bear out the truth of this statement. Hence the writer ventures to think that The Science of Education by the late Dr. Otto Willmann, now made accessible to English readers, has a mission for our day and our country, since it offers those guiding principles of which American education stands in sore need. Dr. Willmann acts on the principle that the history of education must be our guide in educational matters. Whatever has stood the test of the ages, bids fair to prove of value in the future also. The present volume undertakes to ascertain from the history of education, what is the basis of our culture and civilization and what must, consequently, ever remain the essence of our courses of study. This volume is probably the best defence extant of what may be called the "ars educandi perennis." But Dr. Willmann is not a blind worshipper of past glory. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

The essential textbook in the field of blindness and visual impairment has been updated for the 21st c. Volume I includes new chapters focusing on crucial topics connecting the education of students with visual impairments to the context of educational theory. Icons in the book direct readers to supplemental materials in an online Learning Center.

Building on the foundation set in Volume I—a landmark synthesis of research in the field—Volume II is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art new volume highlighting new and emerging research perspectives. The contributors, all experts in their research areas, represent the international and gender diversity in the science education research community. The volume is organized around six themes: theory and methods of science education research; science learning; culture, gender, and society and science learning; science teaching; curriculum and assessment in science; science teacher education. Each chapter presents an integrative review of the research on the topic it addresses—pulling together the existing research, working to understand the historical trends and patterns in that body of scholarship, describing how the issue is conceptualized within the literature, how methods and theories have shaped the outcomes of the research, and where the strengths, weaknesses, and gaps are in the literature. Providing guidance to science education faculty and graduate students and leading to new insights and directions for future research, the Handbook of Research on Science Education, Volume II is an essential resource for the entire science education community.

This state-of-the art research Handbook provides a comprehensive, coherent, current synthesis of the empirical and theoretical research concerning teaching and learning in science and lays down a foundation upon which future research can be built. The contributors, all leading experts in their research areas, represent the international and gender diversity that exists in the science education research community. As a whole, the Handbook of Research on Science Education demonstrates that science education is alive and well and illustrates its vitality. It is an essential resource for the entire science education community, including veteran and emerging researchers, university faculty, graduate students, practitioners in the schools, and science education professionals outside of universities. The National Association for Research in Science Teaching (NARST) endorses the Handbook of Research on Science Education as an important and valuable synthesis of the current knowledge in the field of science education by leading individuals in the field. For more information on NARST, please visit: http://www.narst.org/.

Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.

Elementary Science Education: Building Foundations of Scientific Understanding, Vol. II, grades 3-5, 2nd ed. Science Lesson Plans That Develop Understanding of Scientific Ideas and Concepts in Clear Steps. Building Foundations of Scientific Understanding (BFSU) is a complete K-8 science curriculum in three volumes. This Elementary Science, BFSU is Volume II for grades 3-5. The BFSU science curriculum addresses all the major areas of science: nature of matter (chemistry); life sciences; physical science and technology; and Earth and space science. Lesson plans in each area provide for systematic, step-by-step learning (a learning progression) that leads to a comprehension of basic ideas and concepts fundamental to each area of science. In addition to providing rigorous learning progressions, BFSU guides teachers and homeschoolers in using teaching techniques that have been proven to be most effective in developing students' proficiency in exercising the practices of science. Key among these are: making observations, asking questions and exercising logical reasoning in deriving answers to those questions. Within each lesson, teachers/homeschoolers will find "signposts" that direct them in bringing students to exercise these and other practices that are crucial, not only to science, but to every other profession and countless aspects of everyday life as well. Students completing the BFSU curriculum will have the knowledge and skills prerequisite for any high school AP science course plus the understanding necessary to contribute positively toward implementing solutions to problems of the day. The Building Foundations of Scientific Understanding volumes are only part of the package. For no additional charge, the author provides an online support/help service. Go to BFSUcommunity.com, sign in, and you will have easy access to photographs, diagrams, videos, and other aids that will enhance your presentation and aid your children's learning of each lesson. There i