Experimental data are presented for five systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an inorganic salt dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. The data confirm and extend knowledge of recently discovered anomalies to the general theory of salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium. A partial accounting for the observed anomalies is attempted based on recent advances in the understanding of the structural nature of alcohol-water mixtures. (Author).

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure are reported for seven systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an anhydrous acetate salt (of sodium, potassium, bariuum, or calcium) dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. These systems are intended to complete a matrix about the single system ethanol-water-potassium acetate for which data were reported previously. Solubility data are reported in terms of saturation salt concentration as a function of alcohol-water proportionality in the liquid. Sodium acetate as well as potassium acetate was found capable of eliminating completely the ethanol-water azeotrope. Major differences in the effects of these salts as compared to those reported for other salts in the salt-effect literature were observed. Systems were discovered in which the salt appeared to cause both salting out and salting in of the alcohol in differing composition regions of the same system, the predominating effect depending on the relative proportions of alcohol and water. Systems were also discovered in which the salt salted-in the component in which it was less soluble. (Author).

A new equation for salt effect in vapor-liquid equilibrium is presented, which correlates temperature and the liquid-phase concentrations of all three components with equilibrium vapor composition, for isobaric systems consisting of a binary to which a salt has been added to saturation. The equation was tested successfully with literature data for 12 ethanol-water-salt systems, yielding a better fit for all 12 systems than the one-constant equation of Johnson and Furter, and with the confidence level for the comparison in excess of 99.9% for six of the systems tested. (Author).

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure are reported for 17 systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and either a salt or a mixed pair of salts having a common anion, dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. The matrix of four salts employed consisted of the sodium and potassium and bromides and iodides. Solubility data are reported in terms of saturation salt concentration as a function of alcohol-water proportionality in the liquid. Some of these salts and salt mixtures were found capable of eliminating the ethanol-water azeotrope completely. (Author).