Gas / liquid contact apparatuses are widely used in chemical, biochemical or pharmaceutical industry to provide and transfer gas species as reactant from the gaseous phase to pre-dissolved reactants in the liquid phase enabling a preferred reaction. The global and local transport are complex interlinked processes and therefore in practice in reactor design industry, mostly empirically correlated. For a secure control of the overall process and a more efficient reactor design, the local transport processes at gas / liquid interfaces need to be investigated in complexity reduced systems to be understood. Elongated bubbles, Taylor bubbles, in vertical channels 5.5 < D < 8 mm overcome the problem of dynamic shape deformation, complex 3D rise trajectories and they have a volume independent rise velocity, which make them the ideal experiment for reliable and reproducible investigations. Detailed optical measurements of global and local processes via high-speed Shadowgraphy, 2D2C PIV and p-2D LIF give new insights into the dependency of local bubble shape and global terminal rise velocity, establish a Sherwood correlation of shrinking CO2 bubbles in various channel sizes and shows the coupling of local transport phenomena at the bubble interface and the mixing in the wake region.

Accurately predicting the behaviour of multiphase flows is a problem of immense industrial and scientific interest. Modern computers can now study the dynamics in great detail and these simulations yield unprecedented insight. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to direct numerical simulations of multiphase flows for researchers and graduate students. After a brief overview of the context and history the authors review the governing equations. A particular emphasis is placed on the 'one-fluid' formulation where a single set of equations is used to describe the entire flow field and interface terms are included as singularity distributions. Several applications are discussed, showing how direct numerical simulations have helped researchers advance both our understanding and our ability to make predictions. The final chapter gives an overview of recent studies of flows with relatively complex physics, such as mass transfer and chemical reactions, solidification and boiling, and includes extensive references to current work.

The book comprises of different areas in which vortex dynamics is important, its generation, evolution, interactions with other motions, and finally the ways it can be controlled. Vortex characteristics are important in many aspects of our lives, from blood circulation in the arteries to the high-speed jet. Flow control and manipulation of vortices have been used to reduce drag for large tankers resulting in billions of dollars in savings. An effective smoke management system must be put in place for critical areas to ensure the safety of people, for example in a very large shopping complex or a large airport. Advanced computational and cloud-computing facilities have contributed significantly to large-scale simulation projects. Therefore, validations could be performed for larger windows of study so that it can now cover the entire e.g. central business district (CBD) for urban heat island (UHI) study or land-ocean interactions.

This book presents experimental and numerical methods that have been developed during six years of targeted research within the DFG priority program SPP 1740, elucidating the interaction between hydrodynamics, mass transfer and transport as well as chemical reactions in bubbly flows. A special feature of this book is its focus on an interdisciplinary research approach with contributions from chemistry, mathematics and engineering sciences, providing enhanced or novel experimental methods, models and numerical simulations. This book provides fundamental knowledge to students about the current state of knowledge regarding transport processes in reactive bubbly flows as well as to scientists, emphasizing pressing research questions and further current demands for fundamental research. Engineers from the chemical industries will get valuable insights into relevant gas-liquid processes and benefit from recommendations concerning the design of gas-liquid reactors and laboratory experiments for studying the performance of gas-liquid reactions in their own lab.

A major contribution to the state-of-the-art for those interested in multiphase flow in well-bore, drilling cutting, hydrate and/or acid gas involvements The author is a leading researcher on the topics presented, and his development of gas-liquid flow pattern transition mechanism and multiphase flow models are major contributions to the multi-phase flow in wellbore Focuses on acid gas and hydrate involvements, offering the latest results from drilling engineering computation research Presents an emerging hot spot in petroleum engineering, with more multi-phase flow methodologies developed and adopted to improve the engineering process for gas & oil drilling and production