The design of several types of anchorages and mooring systems for marine installations is predicated upon the accurate calculation of the vertical pullout capacity of those anchorage systems. Involved in the solution of the vertical pullout capacity of embedment anchorages are the engineering properties of the confining soil; the duration of the loading period; and depth, size and shape of the anchor flukes. The purpose of this testing program was to investigate the behavior of anchor flukes of several different geometries and sizes in a very loose, saturated sand. It was desired to determine which, if any, of the flukes provided the maximum vertical pullout capacity under static loading conditions, and whether any size effects upon pullout capacity existed. Flat and skewed flukes of square, circular and rectangular shape and 55, 110 and 220 square inches in projected area were tested in an outdoor test facility of concrete. Full-section and semi-spacial models were tested in the laboratory for visual observation of the mode of failure. (Author).

The investigation considers the vertical pullout capacity of marine anchors embedded in sand by vibration. Small size anchors were inserted to various depths ranging between 2 feet and 6 feet in a flooded sand soil and load tested for vertical holding capacities. The anchors were tested in a large scale outdoor test bin. For insertion, the anchors were attached to the lower end of a rigid pipe and vibrated into place by means of a vibrator unti attached to the upper end.

This book provides a comprehensive guide for the analysis and design of anchor systems used for mooring offshore floating structures. Much of the experience is based on applications toward the offshore oil and gas industry, but the substantial potential for offshore renewable energy systems is addressed. The major types of anchors are described with respect to their basic design concept, advantages and limitations, appropriate framework for analysis, and observed performance. This book addresses all aspects of anchor behaviour related to anchor design including the installation performance, load capacity, deformation, and structural integrity of the anchor itself. Coverage is also provided of appurtenant components of anchor systems, in particular of anchor line/chain mechanics in the soil and water columns. Much of the material presented represents relatively new developments, including several new anchors which have been developed within the last decade, so the book will provide a useful compendium of information is largely scattered in journals and conference proceedings. This book is intended for engineers engaged in offshore geotechnics and marine engineers involved in mooring system and floating structure design. While the analytical methods presented in this text have a strong theoretical basis, the emphasis is on simplified computational formats accessible to design engineers.