The Neural Correlates of Semantic and Lexical Aspects of Visual Word Processing
Title | The Neural Correlates of Semantic and Lexical Aspects of Visual Word Processing PDF eBook |
Author | Michele Theresa Diaz |
Publisher | |
Pages | 282 |
Release | 2005 |
Genre | Brain |
ISBN |
Memory, Language, and Bilingualism
Title | Memory, Language, and Bilingualism PDF eBook |
Author | Jeanette Altarriba |
Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
Pages | 387 |
Release | 2013 |
Genre | Education |
ISBN | 1107008905 |
A comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the study of memory, language and cognitive processing across various populations of bilingual speakers.
Neural Correlates of Lexical-semantic Ambiguity Processing of Polarized Homonyms
Title | Neural Correlates of Lexical-semantic Ambiguity Processing of Polarized Homonyms PDF eBook |
Author | Martina Hurschler |
Publisher | |
Pages | 82 |
Release | 2009 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Brain Research in Language
Title | Brain Research in Language PDF eBook |
Author | Zvia Breznitz |
Publisher | Springer Science & Business Media |
Pages | 279 |
Release | 2007-12-22 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 0387749802 |
Brain Research in Language addresses important neurological issues involved in reading. The reading process is a highly composite cognitive task, which relies on brain systems that were originally devoted to other functions. The majority of studies in this area have used behavioral methodologies. This book presents data obtained from studies employing behavioral, electrophysiological and imaging methodologies focusing on the regular reading process and the dyslexic population.
Language and Cognition
Title | Language and Cognition PDF eBook |
Author | Kuniyoshi L. Sakai |
Publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
Pages | 127 |
Release | 2015-07-07 |
Genre | Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry |
ISBN | 2889196275 |
Interaction between language and cognition remains an unsolved scientific problem. What are the differences in neural mechanisms of language and cognition? Why do children acquire language by the age of six, while taking a lifetime to acquire cognition? What is the role of language and cognition in thinking? Is abstract cognition possible without language? Is language just a communication device, or is it fundamental in developing thoughts? Why are there no animals with human thinking but without human language? Combinations even among 100 words and 100 objects (multiple words can represent multiple objects) exceed the number of all the particles in the Universe, and it seems that no amount of experience would suffice to learn these associations. How does human brain overcome this difficulty? Since the 19th century we know about involvement of Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas in language. What new knowledge of language and cognition areas has been found with fMRI and other brain imaging methods? Every year we know more about their anatomical and functional/effective connectivity. What can be inferred about mechanisms of their interaction, and about their functions in language and cognition? Why does the human brain show hemispheric (i.e., left or right) dominance for some specific linguistic and cognitive processes? Is understanding of language and cognition processed in the same brain area, or are there differences in language-semantic and cognitive-semantic brain areas? Is the syntactic process related to the structure of our conceptual world? Chomsky has suggested that language is separable from cognition. On the opposite, cognitive and construction linguistics emphasized a single mechanism of both. Neither has led to a computational theory so far. Evolutionary linguistics has emphasized evolution leading to a mechanism of language acquisition, yet proposed approaches also lead to incomputable complexity. There are some more related issues in linguistics and language education as well. Which brain regions govern phonology, lexicon, semantics, and syntax systems, as well as their acquisitions? What are the differences in acquisition of the first and second languages? Which mechanisms of cognition are involved in reading and writing? Are different writing systems affect relations between language and cognition? Are there differences in language-cognition interactions among different language groups (such as Indo-European, Chinese, Japanese, Semitic) and types (different degrees of analytic-isolating, synthetic-inflected, fused, agglutinative features)? What can be learned from sign languages? Rizzolatti and Arbib have proposed that language evolved on top of earlier mirror-neuron mechanism. Can this proposal answer the unknown questions about language and cognition? Can it explain mechanisms of language-cognition interaction? How does it relate to known brain areas and their interactions identified in brain imaging? Emotional and conceptual contents of voice sounds in animals are fused. Evolution of human language has demanded splitting of emotional and conceptual contents and mechanisms, although language prosody still carries emotional content. Is it a dying-off remnant, or is it fundamental for interaction between language and cognition? If language and cognitive mechanisms differ, unifying these two contents requires motivation, hence emotions. What are these emotions? Can they be measured? Tonal languages use pitch contours for semantic contents, are there differences in language-cognition interaction among tonal and atonal languages? Are emotional differences among cultures exclusively cultural, or also depend on languages? Interaction of language and cognition is thus full of mysteries, and we encourage papers addressing any aspect of this topic.
Handbook of Semantic Word Norms
Title | Handbook of Semantic Word Norms PDF eBook |
Author | Michael P. Toglia |
Publisher | |
Pages | 168 |
Release | 1978 |
Genre | Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN |
Basic Processes in Reading
Title | Basic Processes in Reading PDF eBook |
Author | Derek Besner |
Publisher | Routledge |
Pages | 361 |
Release | 2012-11-12 |
Genre | Education |
ISBN | 1136464018 |
The chapters in this new book span the range of reading processes from early visual analysis to semantic influences on word identification, thus providing a state-of-the-art summary of current work and offering important contributions to prospective reading research. Basic Processes in Reading examines both future plans and past accomplishments in the world of word identification research. Three chapters provide a futuristic view taking a parallel distributed processing approach to semantic priming, phonology, and the identification of old words and the learning of new words. Reviews on eye movements in reading and semantic priming on word identification provide a retrospective summary of work on these issues as well as solid pointers for future investigations. Other chapters provide new demonstrations of the importance of phonological contributions to word identification, of interactive processes in the identification of handwritten words, and a re-evaluation of the processes involved in the neuropsychological syndrome described as "letter-by-letter" reading.