The majority of native Yoruba speakers view the Ifa divination system as a form of dark magic, inconsequential shamanism or ritualistic fetish. Even some scholars of Ifa and its divination system have conveyed the impression that it is simply a primitive oracular instrument of narrative art that should be appreciated only for its poetic sublimity. The Ifa divination system has been greatly misconceived as a mere esoteric system, devoid of any form of technological information. This book, therefore, seeks to describe what the Ifa divination system truly is and to illustrate its pertinence beyond traditional divination and cultural-level information to modern technology. The author examines the process and structure of the Ifa divination system and highlights some of the elements of technological knowledge that are embedded in the Ifa divination system. In all, this book is both a lively introduction to some of the technological-level information in Ifa divination system and a concise reference for those who are interested in enhancing technological development within the context of the cultural knowledge of Ifa and its divination system.

"The sacred texts of Ifa, repository of the accumulated wisdom of countless generations of Yoruba people, are an invaluable source not only for all students of African oral literature and Yoruba civilization, but also for future generations interested in the continuing vitality of Ifa divination and a Yoruba way of life and thought." —Henry Drewal This landmark study of Ifa, the most important and elaborate system of divination of the Yoruba people of Nigeria, remains a monumental contribution to scholarship in anthropology, folklore, religion, philosophy, linguistics, and African and African-American studies.

This landmark volume compiled by Jacob K. Olupona and Rowland O. Abiodun brings readers into the diverse world of Ifá—its discourse, ways of thinking, and artistic expression as manifested throughout the Afro-Atlantic. Firmly rooting Ifá within African religious traditions, the essays consider Ifá and Ifá divination from the perspectives of philosophy, performance studies, and cultural studies. They also examine the sacred context, verbal art, and the interpretation of Ifá texts and philosophy. With essays from the most respected scholars in the field, the book makes a substantial contribution toward understanding Ifá and its role in contemporary Yoruba and diaspora cultures.

Divining the Self weaves elements of personal narrative, myth, history, and interpretive analysis into a vibrant tapestry that reflects the textured, embodied, and performative nature of scripture and scripturalizing practices. Velma Love examines the Odu—the Yoruba sacred scriptures—along with the accompanying mythology, philosophy, and ritual technologies engaged by African Americans. Drawing from the personal narratives of African American Ifa practitioners along with additional ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Oyotunji African Village, South Carolina, and New York City, Love’s work explores the ways in which an ancient worldview survives in modern times. Divining the Self also takes up the challenge of determining what it means for the scholar of religion to study scripture as both text and performance. This work provides an excellent case study of the sociocultural phenomenon of scripturalizing practices.

" . . . a landmark in research of African oral traditions." —African Arts " . . . a significant contribution to the understanding of Yoruba religious belief, magic, and art." —Journal of Religion in Africa Yoruba texts and English translations of a divination system that originated in Nigeria and is widely practiced today by male and female diviners in the diaspora. A landmark edition.

This book integrates the Ifa 16 Major Oracles of 256 Ifa Signs (16 x 16 System) with the 64 I-Ching Hexagrams (8 x 8 System) to allow readers to function with both systems independently. The Ifa Intellectual System was inscribed in 2008 on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Humanity. UNESCO describes the Ifa divination system as follows: "The Ifa divination system, which makes use of an extensive corpus of texts and mathematical formulas, is practiced among Yoruba communities and by the African diaspora in the Americas and the Caribbean. The word Ifa refers to the mystical figure Ifa or Orunmila, regarded by the Yoruba as the deity of wisdom and intellectual development. In contrast to other forms of divination in the region that employ spirit mediumship, Ifa divination does not rely on a person having oracular powers but rather on a system of signs that are interpreted by a diviner, the Ifa priest or babalawo, literally "the priest's father". The Ifa divination system is applied whenever an important individual or collective decision has to be made. The Ifa literary corpus, called odu, consists of 256 parts subdivided into verses called ese, whose exact number is unknown as they are constantly increasing (there are around 800 ese per odu). Each of the 256 odu has its specific divination signature, which is determined by the babalawo using sacred palm-nuts and a divination chain. The ese, considered the most important part of Ifa divination, are chanted by the priests in poetic language. The ese reflect Yoruba history, language, beliefs, cosmovision and contemporary social issues. The knowledge of Ifa has been preserved within Yoruba communities and transmitted among Ifa priests." According to Yoruba tradition, Orunmila was the being present at the time of Creation (Big Bang), therefore having knowledge of the blueprint of the universe. The Big Bang is described as the Odu, the Original Mother, the Mother of All Creation, as the Cosmic Womb that give birth to the forces of expansion and contraction that comprise the universe. These forces, which can be understood as binary in nature, assembled into 16 metaphysical patterns. From these 16 emerged another 240 combinations of expansion and contraction. These principles range from pure light (pure expansion) to pure darkness (pure contraction). We are the living embodiments of these metaphysical principles. Through research, it has been found that Ifa was developed over 11,000 years ago in N.E. Africa. The original 8-bit form of Ifa is still practiced today in Nigeria among the Yoruba and Benin (Ifa); in Benin/Dahomey among the Fon (Fa); in Togo and Ghana among the Ewe (Afa); in North Africa among the Arabs (Ilm al Raml) and (Khatt al Raml); in Madagascar among the Malagasy (Sikidy); and among the people of the African Diaspora located through N. America, S. America, & the Caribbean, found in Santeria, Candomble, Macumba, and Vodou. It is noted in the Yoruba tradition that Orunmila visited China. It is postulated that I-ching, a 6-bit binary system, is a subset of Ifa that arrived in China between 5,300 and 6,000 years ago. Readers can utilize any I Ching book with interpretation preferences along with the geomancy tetragrams in this book. Included in this book are the Sixty-four I Ching Hexagrams with unique author interpretations along with one imbedded tetragram corresponding to both Pen-Kua, and Hu-Kua Hexagrams. The Tetragrams explanations are the same sixteen geomancy codes found in the beginning of the book. This book is designed to function with both systems independently, and as explained above enhancing one another.