Purchase of this book includes free trial access to www.million-books.com where you can read more than a million books for free. This is an OCR edition with typos. Excerpt from book: The only property common to all acids ia their power of combining with and neutralizing the so-called bases, such as soda, ammonia, oxide of zinc, aniline, etc. Those acids which are soluble in water give a red colour to blue litmus paper. This result is called the acid reaction, and when it is produced by any liquid or mixture, is regarded as proof of the presence of some acid in a free or uuneutralized state. As soon as the acid is exactly saturated or neutralized with its equivalent of a base it no longer produces this effect. Many substances can play the part either of an acid or a base, according to circumstances; of this kind are alumina, oxide of lend, oxides of tin, etc. Agar-agar.?A yellow sea-weed produced on the coasts of the Malay Archipelago. It resembles Iceland and Irish moss in its properties, and has been tried as a thickener for colours, and as a size for finishing; but with no very satisfactory results. Ageing Liquor.?A compound, or rather mixture, of an alkaline arsenite with chlorate of potash, which some printers have employed to fix mordants, instead of submitting the pieces to the usual ageing process. By this means time is saved; but practical men complain that the action of the liquid is irregular, whilst to chemical theory its composition appears irrational. Air.?To the dyer and printer the air is of interest as the medium in which all their operations have to be performed, and which must consequently influence the results. The hypothetical composition of the air needs but very brief mention. It is a mixture, not a compound, of 21 measures of oxygen to 79 of nitrogen. Besides those ingredients, it contains small variable quantities of carbonic acid, watery vapour, ammonia, ozone, sulphurous acid, muriatic acid, gaseous hydrocarbons, etc...

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