The period since the Second World War saw a spectacular transformation of the Kuwaiti economy, making it one of the world’s major oil states with one of the highest per capita incomes. This rapid transformation, however, has brought with it attendant problems. This book, first published in 1981, examines the critical issue of the Kuwaiti labour force: some three-quarters of it is expatriate labour, and the Kuwaiti portion suffers from a high illiteracy rate. Dr Alessa isolates the various factors responsible for Kuwait’s manpower problems, and puts forward a number of original solutions.

The period since the Second World War saw a spectacular transformation of the Kuwaiti economy, making it one of the world’s major oil states with one of the highest per capita incomes. This rapid transformation, however, has brought with it attendant problems. This book, first published in 1981, examines the critical issue of the Kuwaiti labour force: some three-quarters of it is expatriate labour, and the Kuwaiti portion suffers from a high illiteracy rate. Dr Alessa isolates the various factors responsible for Kuwait’s manpower problems, and puts forward a number of original solutions.

After a long period of stability, Egypt’s agricultural sector experienced sudden change due to the 1973 oil price increases and Anwar Sadat’s Open Door economic policies. Workers left rural Egypt for the cities and high-wage jobs in the oil-exporting countries. The resulting “labor shortage†and rising real wages in agriculture coincided with a

The contributors address the history, originality, variety and sophistication of traditional science, technology and material culture in the Middle East and Central Asia, their influence on the history of Europe and the West, and the threat posed by modern Western technologies.

Kuwait has among the highest levels of personal incomes in the Middle East and the best oil reserves to production ratios of all the exporting states. Its good material fortune is offset by its political precariousness engendered by Kuwaiti nationals forming a minority and a heavy dependency on immigrants to sustain the economy. Deep feelings of insecurity have led to calls in Kuwait for an end to immigration and the repatriation of foreign residents of the state. This book, first published in 1985, analyses the degree of dependency of Kuwait on an alien working population from the results of a unique survey undertaken among the crucial family-accompanied segment of the immigrant workforce. The authors suggest new approaches to the evaluation of the utility of the foreigners to the local economy that might help to stave off a mounting internal crisis.

This book examines the political, economic and social transformation of the six member-states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the ways in which these states are both shaping, and being reshaped by, the processes of globalisation. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, the volume combines thematic chapters focusing on issues such as globalisation, nationalism and identity, political thinking, and economic diversification and redistributive policymaking with empirical chapters studying specific aspects of reform and change: the emergence of governing markets the rise of Sovereign Wealth Funds Islamic Finance the relationship between energy and sustainability trends in foreign aid donorship, strategic and foreign policy formulation. Contributions from experts in the field provide cutting-edge snapshots of a region in flux and collectively offer a roadmap of its repositioning in the global order, examining the interaction between global processes and internal dynamics of change and resistance that inject new dimensions into debates over the loci of local and global transformations and the manner in which each plays off the other. Situating the Gulf States firmly within their global twenty-first century context, this book will hold particular appeal to theorists of globalisation as well as to scholars of comparative politics, international political economy and area studies.

This annotated guide of English-language material on education in the Arab world includes books, journal articles, national and international reports and documents and Ph.D. dissertations. The author opens with an introductory essay on the development of education in the Arab Gulf states and an analysis of current issues in educational research. Chapters cover the social context of education; educational systems and structures; country reports on educational developments between 1950 and 1980; religion and education; education at the pre-college level; and higher education with special attention to systems and institutions, curriculum and evaluation, management, students in national and foreign universities, research, sciences, and technology. The book also examines women's education; teachers and teacher education; educational planning; manpower and education; educational guidance and counseling; special education; literacy and adult education; and educational media and instructional technology. Author and subject indexes are provided.