First published in 1952, this is a full-scale and definitive account of the life and work of Sir Edwin Chadwick. Among the sources used are the Chadwick Papers, the Peel, Place, Russell and Gladstone Papers, the Home Office, Treasury and Ministry of Health papers and the minutes and documents of the Metropolitan Commission of Sewers. Centred on this mass of material, this book demonstrates that the great social reforms of the Victorian age should be attributed, not so much to the Cabinets, but to the labours of a handful of civil servants. It also argues that Edwin Chadwick was the most influential of these civil servants and through this illuminating biography, Professor Finer gives an account of early Victorian administration as seen from inside. This book will be of interest to those studying Victorian social reform, the history of the welfare state and social policy.

This book offers selected perspectives on an important facet of new research into the administrative revolution: the idea of 'expertise', the role of 'experts' and of administrators and professionals in creating the technique of Victorian government.

In the wake of an escalating global crisis with water, Water Index is the first critical inventory and analysis of innovative architecture, landscape architecture and design solutions to address the rising, disappearing, and contamination of water. As an ecological disaster complex ferments in contemporary architectural discourse, design competition briefs, conference topics and journal themes optimistically call for designers to reconcile or reimagine the relationship between water, architecture and city. Anxiety is elevated by the onslaught of extreme weather in the form of super-storms, hurricanes, tsunamis, landslides, floods, and droughts whose frequencies and intensities continue to increase. Couple the ever-present exposure to disaster with scientific data that suggests a future characterized by climate change and population growth, and then we have the ingredients for a full-fledged paranoia: the perfect motivation for absurd, expansive and radical building projects. Water Index, examines three hydrological tragedies (flood, contamination, and drought) through strategies that offer methods for controlling, escaping, or adapting to the vital natural resource. Water Index is a collective vision of the future that provides solutions for every continent and spans the disciplines of urban design, landscape architecture and architecture. The book works to create an enduring manual and manifesto for water development and design in the twenty-first century and to acknowledge crisis-initiated design as an important trajectory for architectural discourse. Water Index highlights a moment when designers have linked formal concerns with social, ecological and political agendas offering solutions for expanding global problems.

What is the role of hand drawing play for architecture in a digital age, as drawing moves off the page and onto the screen? How might computer-generated drawings emulate the ambiguities and nuances of the hand? WWW Drawing: Architectural Drawing from Pencil to Pixel documents the eponymous project conducted by Pennsylvania State University’s Department of Architecture, which explored these questions through a giant-scale hand-drawing workshop and a symposium held at the Drawing Center, New York. WWW refers in this context both to the World Wide Web, and to the “Three Ws”—architects Michael Webb, Mark West and James Wines, each renowned for their skills in hand drawing, who discuss their individual approaches and techniques. Complementing the Ws’ perspectives, artists and architects of a younger generation — Daniel Cardoso Llach, Andrew Heumann, Jürg Lehni, Jane Nisselson, Seher Shah and Ann Tarantino—address various aspects of contemporary architectural drawing, both analog and digital: the legacies of contrasting ideologies of early computer-aided design; technology as expressive vocabulary; and drawing as live performance, whether executed by hand or by robotic drawing machine. Together, the research and creative explorations presented in WWW Drawing cast architectural drawing in a fresh light. Published by Actar Publishers, Pennsylvania State University and Stuckeman School of Architecture