These are the first words in a rigorous translation of the 1362 memorial poem inscribed on the Spirit Pond runestone, found on the coast of Maine in 1971. This translation climaxed a decade of histor¬ical investigations by authors Johnson and Westin in which they address a 450 year-gap in North American history between the 1492 voyage of Columbus and the Vinland voyages of Leif Eriksson and Thorfinn Karlsefni shortly after 1000 ad. After the Vinland voyages the Greenlanders developed a lucrative trade in North American furs, marketed in Norway and taxed by the king. But after 1300 a cooling climate caused the Green¬land merchants to migrate to North America and the trade died. To regain the trade and expand his empire, in 1356 King Magnus of Norway and Sweden sent his son, young King Haakon VI, on an expedition to North America with Commander Paul Knutson. The inscrip¬tions on the Spirit Pond and Kensington runestones enable the authors to recon¬struct the fascinating story of Magnus and his expedition, more than a century before Columbus left the shores of Spain.

The story of the Vikings in North America as both fact and fiction, from the westward expansion of the Norse across the North Atlantic in the tenth and eleventh centuries to the myths and fabrications about their presence there that have developed in recent centuries. Tracking the saga of the Norse across the North Atlantic to America, Norse America sets the record straight about the idea that the Vikings 'discovered' America. The journey described is a continuum, with evidence-based history and archaeology at one end, and fake history and outright fraud at the other. In between there lies a huge expanse of uncertainty: sagas that may contain shards of truth, characters that may be partly historical, real archaeology that may be interpreted through the fictions of saga, and fragmentary evidence open to responsible and irresponsible interpretation. Norse America is a book that tells two stories. The first is the westward expansion of the Norse across the North Atlantic in the tenth and eleventh centuries, settling in Greenland and establishing a shore station at L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland (to which a chapter of the book is devoted) and ending (but not culminating) in a fleeting and ill-documented presence on the shores of the North American mainland. The second is the appropriation and enhancement of the westward narrative by Canadians and Americans who want America to have had white North European origins, who therefore want the Vikings to have 'discovered' America, and who in the advancement of that thesis have been willing to twist and manufacture evidence in support of claims grounded in an ideology of racial superiority.

It's not what we read but rather how we read it that makes the difference!!!What if I told you things are not as they appear. Black is not black and White is not white and 130 B.C. is not 130 years before Christ. Now turn off the lights and tell me what is white and what is black, color is the refection of light, without light there is no color. That's what Rome did, they turned off the lights on the truth.And the way we been taught to record time is not the only way it was done.And that an ancient order set claim to the entire Western Hemisphere long before Columbus and possibly achieved it in 130 B.C. With B.C. possibly meaning before Columbus, before the cycle or before the comet of 1492 becoming 1362, possible in this case B.C. stood for all three events.130 B.C. is not as it appears and the claim was not made for a mortal king or country, but rather for a Supreme God, Under God laws.If you like riddles. If you like enigmas. If you would like to see history recorded and told differently or truer then you may be ready for this challenge. If you are then you are ready to look at the clues that was left behind with an open mind.If you like astronomy, I'll show you how different groups of people each use different galactic events besides the Star of Bethlehem to mark the start of their time and all the different groups calendar are tied together. We will be looking at the equivalent of several Stars of Bethlehem from here in the Americas.I'll be taking you through a dating wormhole without leaving the planet, making you scratch your head, laugh and wonder, "what if he is right. "This book just maybe the start of the rest of the story. If you read through this book the first time you will read it again and again.And you will possibly come to the same conclusion, "So that's how they did that. "And you will never read things the same way all the time again. Including the Book of Mormons with its three different voyages and possible dating enigmas, truest account ever written about the Americas."Sometimes it's not what is being said that's important, it's what not being said that is.You will be intrigued, so if you are ready to start a journey that will give you a lot to think about then turn to page 1. Unravel the truth.

From Viking migrations of the North Atlantic, with their discovery of ancient Atlantis by history, and on to the newest wave of European and Latin emigres escaping hardship, this volume covers an original history as known of the New World in all its vagaries of history and geography. From Socrates and Pliny, to the proposed American border wall with Mexico and its roots in the Great Wall of China, and to whatever else that came with the new map of the world after 1492 and 1531, this scholarly history covers the peoples, migrations, climate, religious sects, and geography by map cartography that affects the universal centers of civilization. This Hapsburg America is amazingly depicted in all its controversies of time and place. In the inimical style of British historian Edward Gibbon and others, this book is written by a reputable Oxford historian with five colleges of accreditation, and a don lecturer since 1982. To write this new history is to address constant comments about our native land: “But you have no history!” This correction by all accounts includes the folk tales and verbal known traditions from Atlantis to the Norse to Viking passed along with the real and imagined past to present. The Genoese persuaded the rulers of Iberian Castile and Aragon to allow the crossing of the North Atlantic; and after 1492 the entire world changed in its map and in its continents and in its future.

This epic tale based on Norse sagas by the Science Fiction Grand Master “proves that he is indeed a master!” (Robert Jordan, #1 New York Times–bestselling author). In Mother of Kings, Poul Anderson “brings to life the bloodthirsty Norse as they evolve into the looting, plundering Vikings of popular lore” (Publishers Weekly). During the tenth century, Gunnhild, the daughter of a Norse warlord, is sent to study sorcery under the auspices of two Finnish wizards. She is able to ensnare as a husband a man she has only seen in visions—the formidable Norse king Eirik Blood-Ax—and bears him nine children. Wielding her magic as a weapon, Gunnhild survives political intrigues and power struggles at Eirik’s side, forging a family dynasty that will cement its place in Scandinavian legend and lore . . . “An unquestionably great work.” —Kirkus Reviews “The genre’s guru blends mythology and history into a powerhouse of a tale that tells readers the story of Gunnhild, a real persona who has received legendary status over the last millennium. The gritty but vivid story line provides a powerful look at the tenth century as rarely seen by literature except perhaps [in] Beowulf and that is a few centuries earlier. The beginning of the end of the Age of the Vikings is fitting posthumous triumph from one of the greats.” —AllReaders.com

"The interest of a group of American writers in the Norse (Viking Age Scandinavians) began to develop in the late 1830s, reaching its high point at mid-century and tapering off after the Civil War as the members of the group neared the end of their careers (only one of the authors discussed, Julia Clinton Jones, joins the club at the end of the period)." "This period, defined as the original phase of the American discovery of the Norse, features two essayists, Emerson and Thoreau, who refer to the Norse in writing on a variety of topics. Fiction is represented by Melville alone (American writers of fiction like Stowe and Hawthorne shun the Norse). Neither the essayists nor Melville uses Norse themes as their primary subject. That is reserved for the poets: Lowell, Whittier, Taylor, Longfellow, and Julia Clinton Jones."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

What do our myths say about us? Why do we choose to believe stories that have been disproven? David M. Krueger takes an in-depth look at a legend that held tremendous power in one corner of Minnesota, helping to define both a community’s and a state’s identity for decades. In 1898, a Swedish immigrant farmer claimed to have discovered a large rock with writing carved into its surface in a field near Kensington, Minnesota. The writing told a North American origin story, predating Christopher Columbus’s exploration, in which Viking missionaries reached what is now Minnesota in 1362 only to be massacred by Indians. The tale’s credibility was quickly challenged and ultimately undermined by experts, but the myth took hold. Faith in the authenticity of the Kensington Rune Stone was a crucial part of the local Nordic identity. Accepted and proclaimed as truth, the story of the Rune Stone recast Native Americans as villains. The community used the account as the basis for civic celebrations for years, and advocates for the stone continue to promote its validity despite the overwhelming evidence that it was a hoax. Krueger puts this stubborn conviction in context and shows how confidence in the legitimacy of the stone has deep implications for a wide variety of Minnesotans who embraced it, including Scandinavian immigrants, Catholics, small-town boosters, and those who desired to commemorate the white settlers who died in the Dakota War of 1862. Krueger demonstrates how the resilient belief in the Rune Stone is a form of civil religion, with aspects that defy logic but illustrate how communities characterize themselves. He reveals something unique about America’s preoccupation with divine right and its troubled way of coming to terms with the history of the continent’s first residents. By considering who is included, who is left out, and how heroes and villains are created in the stories we tell about the past, Myths of the Rune Stone offers an enlightening perspective on not just Minnesota but the United States as well.