Early in the twenty-first century, a quiet revolution occurred. For the first time, the major developed economies began to invest more in intangible assets, like design, branding, and software, than in tangible assets, like machinery, buildings, and computers. For all sorts of businesses, the ability to deploy assets that one can neither see nor touch is increasingly the main source of long-term success. But this is not just a familiar story of the so-called new economy. Capitalism without Capital shows that the growing importance of intangible assets has also played a role in some of the larger economic changes of the past decade, including the growth in economic inequality and the stagnation of productivity. Jonathan Haskel and Stian Westlake explore the unusual economic characteristics of intangible investment and discuss how an economy rich in intangibles is fundamentally different from one based on tangibles. Capitalism without Capital concludes by outlining how managers, investors, and policymakers can exploit the characteristics of an intangible age to grow their businesses, portfolios, and economies.

"Restarting the Future argues that the big economic challenges facing the world are the result of our failure to deal with the implications of an economy dependent on knowledge, ideas and relationships. It examines why making this transition is so hard, and looks at ways forward in the fields of public policy, business and finance. The troubling state of rich-world economies (low productivity growth, high inequality, populist instability, climate crisis) is significantly the result of the troubled and incomplete shift to a new type of economy - specifically, the move from an economy dependent on tangible capital to one dependent on intangible capital. At the heart of the problem is a significant slowdown in the pace of intangible investment since the financial crisis. (There were some early signs of this at the time the authors were writing their previous book, Capitalism without Capital, but new data now makes the severity and persistence of this slowdown clear.) This slowdown has happened because we lack the right institutions and strategies to encourage intangible investment and channel it effectively. What is more, there are significant groups with an interest in stopping these new institutions emerging. Contrary to the dominant narrative that focuses on the tension between a successful, future-facing "elite" and a mass of low-status "left-behinds", the authors argue that many of the people and organisations with an interest in holding back the future are affluent and high-status, including affluent retirees, established financial institutions and graduate knowledge workers. Haskel & Westlake survey attempts to fix these institutional problems, explaining how they work in the context of the intangible economy, and what the upside to solving them might be. They describe interesting and topical policy experiments and business strategies (such as Preston's Local Economic Strategy, or topical new business models like WeWork and CloudKitchens) and set them in a novel economic context. (Specifically, these sections look at city policy, business finance and investment, public investment, competition policy, monetary policy, mitigating climate change and business strategies for tangible-based firms. The authors close the book with a political programme for how to get over the teething troubles of the new economy"--

As the accelerated technological advances of the past two decades continue to reshape the United States' economy, intangible assets and high-technology investments are taking larger roles. These developments have raised a number of concerns, such as: how do we measure intangible assets? Are we accurately appraising newer, high-technology capital? The answers to these questions have broad implications for the assessment of the economy's growth over the long term, for the pace of technological advancement in the economy, and for estimates of the nation's wealth. In Measuring Capital in the New Economy, Carol Corrado, John Haltiwanger, Daniel Sichel, and a host of distinguished collaborators offer new approaches for measuring capital in an economy that is increasingly dominated by high-technology capital and intangible assets. As the contributors show, high-tech capital and intangible assets affect the economy in ways that are notoriously difficult to appraise. In this detailed and thorough analysis of the problem and its solutions, the contributors study the nature of these relationships and provide guidance as to what factors should be included in calculations of different types of capital for economists, policymakers, and the financial and accounting communities alike.

This book is the result of a two-year interdisciplinary research programme named PRISM (Policy making, Reporting and measuring, Intangibles, Skills development and Management), financed by the European Commission and aimed both at understanding better how these assets are created and developed and what the policy implications of their growing importance in economies are. The book focuses on the policy issues raised by the increasing importance of intangible assets in a country's growth and competitiveness. The main idea is that the value of intangible assets, which is imperfectly captured by current economic indicators and imperfectly formalized in economic theory, lies in their being the cumulative elements that keep the economy together - the glue of the system. This argument leads to the focus on networks and social capital as drivers of the development of intangible assets and is illustrated by the case of EU innovation and knowledge diffusion policy.

Despite the now widely recognized importance of intangible assets and intellectual capital, they still appear to be poorly understood by both academics and practitioners. Indeed, the necessity for adopting a fresh approach to their reporting, measurement and management is today generally clear and accepted. This book gives room to new perspectives which broaden the scope and depth of the investigation, whilst also opening up innovative methods and opportunities for practice.

We study bank portfolio allocations during the transition of the real sector to a knowledge economy in which firms use less tangible capital and invest more in intangible assets. We show that, as firms shift toward intangible assets that have lower collateral values, banks reallocate their portfolios away from commercial loans toward other assets, primarily residential real estate loans and liquid assets. This effect is more pronounced for large and less well capitalized banks and is robust to controlling for real estate loan demand. Our results suggest that increased firm investment in intangible assets can explain up to 20% of bank portfolio reallocation from commercial to residential lending over the last four decades.