Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: The SADC Protocol on Trade lays the foundation for the planned free trade area in the SADC region. Its ratification is expected in the near future and therefore the question arises in how far the creation of the free trade area will affect the patterns of intraregional trade. After an examination of the framework of preferential and free trade agreements in the region this study employs a customised methodology based on Viner's theory of customs unions in order to identify those areas of trade that will be affected by trade creation or trade diversion effects. I have examined the trade creation and trade diversion potential of the most relevant goods for each of the twelve SADC countries, resolved to a 2 digit HS code level. These results were then put into relation to the overall macroeconomic situation in each country. There were a number of data problems that make the findings of this study less meaningful. However, to some extent this report can be seen as a best possible approximation and as a starting point for further and more detailed research. The overall findings can be summed up as follows: · South Africa is not going to be the only winner from the free trade area and especially its textile and clothing sector might suffer as a result. · There are virtually no trade creation and trade diversion effects to be expected for the BLNS countries but there is a good possibility of additional exports. Therefore, they are likely to profit the most. · Angola and Mozambique will probably experience the strongest trade creation and trade diversion effects. This will be triggered mainly by free trade with South Africa and the fact that their industrial base is very weak and has just started recovering. Zusammenfassung: Das SADC Handelsprotokoll ist die Grundlage für die geplante Freihandelszone in der SADC Region und wird voraussichtlich in Kürze ratifiziert. Es stellt sich daher die Frage, inwieweit sich die Schaffung dieser Freihandelszone auf den Handel innerhalb der Region auswirken wird. Nach einer Untersuchung der Handelsabkommen innerhalb der Region wird eine Methodik verwendet, die auf Viners Theorie der Zollunionen basiert, um jene Bereiche des regionalen Handels zu identifizieren, die von handelsschaffenden und handelsumlenkenden Effekten betroffen werden. Ich habe das Potential für handelsschaffende und handelsumlenkende Effekte der wichtigsten Güter, aufgeschlüsselt nach zweistelligen HS Codes, für alle [...]

This book explores regionalism in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and highlights the influence of the European Union (EU) as an extra-regional actor on the organization and integration process. The analysis is guided by theory and explains the emergence, institutional design and performance of SADC’s major integration projects in the issue areas of the economy, security and infrastructure. It provides in this way a profound assessment of the organization as a whole. The study shows that South Africa plays a regional key role as driver for integration while external influence of the EU is ambivalent in character because it unfolds a supportive or obstructive impact. The author argues that the EU gains influence over regional integration processes in the SADC on the basis of patterns of asymmetric interdependence and becomes a ‘game-changer’ insofar as it facilitates or impedes solutions to regional cooperation problems.

"This document is the eighth module in volume 1 of the teaching manual on trade and gender prepared by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). The teaching manual has been developed with the aim of enhancing the capacity of policymakers, civil society organizations, and academics to assess the gender implications of trade flows and trade policy and to formulate gender-sensitive policies on gender and trade"--page 2.

The fifth of the series (ARIA/V) has come at a time of renewed enthusiasm for shortening the period of the vision of the Abuja Treaty. Its overall objective is to provide an analytical research publication that defines frameworks for African Governments, the African Union and the Regional Economic Communities, towards accelerating the establishment of the African Common Market through: the speedy removal of all tariff and non-tariff barriers, obstacles to free movement of people, investments and factors of production in general across Africa, and through fast-tracking the creation of an African continental Free Trade Area

This comparative book debates migration and regional integration in the two regional economic blocs, namely the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The book takes a historical and nuanced citizenship approach to integration by analysing regional integration from the perspective of non-state actors and how they negotiate various structures and institutions in their pursuit for life and livelihood in a contemporary context marked by mobility and economic fragmentation.

In Zimbabwe, trade has been a driver of economic growth, rising incomes, and progressive empowerment of Zimbabweans through rising standards of living and the promise of better jobs. Since 1980, through good years and bad years, increases in exports have been positively associated with increases in national income. Zimbabwe's location and resource base, together with a low-cost but relatively well educated labor force, have endowed it with a naturally high trade ratio built on a diversified base that facilitates using trade as an engine of growth. While trade volumes have rebounded smartly from the deep recession of 2007-2008, these do not offset other worrisome longer-term trends: • Export growth during the last decade has been lacklustre and failed to drive high growth. • Agricultural exports, other than tobacco, have lost their once dominant role in the region, and are no longer a source of diversification. • Manufacturing has withered in a continuing secular decline. • Zimbabwe’s export basket has become less diversified and more dependent on a narrow range of mineral and, to a lesser extent, agricultural products. In short, exports have become less diversified, less-technologically sophisticated, and less labor-intensive - and ever more dependent on a few large mining activities to provide foreign exchange and employment. This report traces the roots of this poor performance to several policy issues: poor predictability of macroeconomic policy and economic governance has created an unfavorable climate for private investment and trade; a tariff structure that dampens export profitability; industrial policies - indigenization policy in particular - that undermine investor confidence and inhibits private investment; and finally, competition-limiting policies toward services that limit connectivity of Zimbabweans and raise trade costs. The good news arising from the study is that the remedies for these policy shortcomings lie in Zimbabwean hands. If the government were to adopt reforms that reconfigure economy-wide incentives and trade and industrial policies, it could promote sustained growth, economic diversification and empowerment of poor people.

Section headings in this work are: 'Theory of Regional Integration', 'Empirical Studies on Regional Integration' and 'Integration and Terrorism'.