The 50th (Northumbrian) Division was a pre-war Territorial (TF) division which recruited from Northumberland, Durham and the North and East Ridings of Yorkshire. The infantry battalions came from the Northumberland Fusiliers, East Yorks, Green Howards and Durham Light Infantry. The division crossed to France on 16 April 1915 and by 23 April it had completed its concentration in the area of Steenvoorde, about 14 miles west of Ypres; the next day it was in action at St Julien during the German gas attacks and by the end of 4 May, the day after the battle of St Julien ended, it had suffered 3746 casualties. The division had been given no period of acclimatisation which was given to all other divisions on arrival on the Western Front.The division remained in the Ypres area till August 1916 when it moved down to the Somme, to III Corps, where it took part in the battles of Flers-Courcelette, Morval and the Transloy Ridges with losses of just over 4,000. The Somme offensive ended on 18 November 1916, but the division remained in that area till March 1917 when it moved up to the Arras sector where preparations were underway for a new offensive by Allenby's Third Army, which 50 Division now joined. It took part in First and Second Scarpe and the capture of Wancourt Ridge at a cost of 2750 casualties during the two weeks 11to 24 April. The division did not enter the Third Ypres campaign till late in October 1917, in time to fight the Second Battle of Passchendaele from 26 October to the end of the offensive on 10 November.When the Germans launched their final offensive on 21 March 1918, 50th Division was back on the Somme, this time in Fifth Army and in that first week its casualties numbered nearly 3,500. In April it was with First Army at the Lys where it incurred further losses of 4,265. It was then one of the divisions sent down to the Aisne, in the French sector, with IX Corps, ‘for a rest;' it arrived in time for another major German attack on 27 May, and by 6 June the division had lost almost 7,600 men. It was pulled right back, to the coast in the Dieppe area, and completely reorganizedThis history was the last of the Great War divisional histories to be published, written by the most prolific of all the Great War historians - eight regimental and four divisional histories. Wyrrall died just as he completed his task. In this book he relies considerably on the war diaries and histories of various units, on personal diaries, letters, experiences and anecdotes which together provide a history of the division’s activities seen very much at unit level and in detail. Appendices list all divisional and brigade commanders and the order of battle of units with changes.

When Great Britain and its dominions declared war on Germany in August 1914, they were faced with the formidable challenge of transforming masses of untrained citizen-soldiers at home and abroad into competent, coordinated fighting divisions. The Empire on the Western Front focuses on the development of two units, Britain’s 62nd (2nd West Riding) Division and the Canadian 4th Division, to show how the British Expeditionary Force rose to this challenge. Examining their respective geneses and following them through to the end of the war, Geoffrey Jackson explores many aspects of the division-building process of these two units – from leadership and training to discipline and morale – and how (or whether) the process differed in Britain and Canada. The Empire on the Western Front examines army formation and operations at the divisional level and ultimately calls into question existing accounts that emphasize the differences between the imperial and dominion armies.

The 19th (Western) Division, known as the “Butterflies” from its divisional sign, an open-winged butterfly, began to assemble on Salisbury Plain in September 1914, one of the divisions of Kitchener's Second New Army. It sailed for France in July 1915 and came under command of the Indian Corps, and at the end of August took over its first sector of line, Givenchy to Festubert, from the 7th Division. The division's first major taste of action was the battle of Loos, and although only one of its brigades was fully committed the overall casualties amounted to some 2,000. The division was at the Somme for the early battles of the offensive, its great achievement was the capture of La Boisselle after intensive fighting during the period 2–5 July. It was here that 34th Division had suffered the highest casualties of any division on the first day, 1 July, in a vain attempt to take the village. The cost to the 19th Division was around 3,500 and today their memorial stands in front of the village church. It was in this action their first VCs were awarded – three of them. In March 1917 the division made its first appearance on the Ypres front and in June distinguished itself at Messines, earning the congratulations of the Army Commander, Plumer. It remained in the salient throughout Third Ypres, its main effort being at the Menin Road battle, 20 - 25 September when its losses numbered just under 2,000. The division was again heavily involved in the German 1918 offensive, on the Somme, the Lys and down on the Aisne where it had been sent for a rest; the Germans struck there just after the division had arrived. Between the start of the German offensive, 21 March, and the end of May 1918 casualties totalled 11,250. During the final, allied advance to victory the division was not seriously engaged until the Battle of the Selle in mid-October. By the end of the war the casualty roll numbered 39,381. This is a very competent and well-written account of a division that was lucky enough to be led by two good commanders for most of its time on the Western Front – Tom Bridges and ‘Ma’ Jeffreys. The narrative is clear, easy to read and with good maps to back up the operational detail. There is are no casualty lists nor lists of honours and awards, but the citations of the eight VCs awarded are given. Unusually there is a section on personalities, comments (all favourable) on certain officers, mainly lieutenant-colonels and above. Changes in command at divisional and brigade level are shown as well as order of battle.