The analysis of complex relation between the exchange rate regime and the international trade is done based on the next methodological principles: 1) The analysis of pure theory of international trade; 2) The analysis of the main theoretical approaches of the international trade taking into consideration the monetary factor; 3) A historical analysis of the relation between the exchange rates regime and the international trade; 4) The mathematical modelling of relation between the exchange rate and the international trade. The process of modelling will follow the next steps: a) Defining the object of research (the relation exchange rate regime-the international trade) and the precise task of the model (to find an exchange rate regime in order to obtain an optimal volume of the international trade); b) Describing the concepts, the indicators and other relevant information; c) Studying and selecting of the main elements and connections of the researched phenomenon; d) Elaborating the hypothesis and the restrictions of the factors and of the entire studied phenomenon; e) Determining the criteria of the most efficient variant; f) Constructing the model.

These essays review recent advances in exchange rate analysis and new empirical analysis of the behavior of exchange rates and their effects on international trade and the U.S. economy. The first section deals with the determination of exchange rates and their alleged volatility and disequilibrium levels. The second section concerns the effects of flexible exchange rates on international trade, and the third treats the macroeconomic linkages between economies and international influences on the U.S. economy. ISBN 0-88410-948-8 : $39.95.

This account of exchange rates in the international monetary system considers the issues in international macroeconomics. Using theoretical models of international economics it explains the effects of various policies and issues in macroeconomics.

This collection of essays is intended to help define an agenda for future research in the field of international trade and finance.

This paper examines the impact of exchange rate regimes on bilateral trade while differentiating the effects of "words" and "deeds". Our findings-based on an extended database for de jure and de facto exchange rate classifications-show that while fixed exchange rate regimes increase trade, there is no systematic difference in the effects of policy announcements versus actions to maintain exchange rate stability. The trade generating effect of more stable exchange rate regimes is however more pronounced when words and actions are aligned, both in the short and long-run. Policy credibility therefore plays an important role in determining the effects of de jure and de facto exchange rate arrangements such that deviations between the two could be costly. In addition, we find evidence that (i) the impact of hard pegs such as currency unions is broadly similar to that of conventional pegs; (ii) the currency union and direct peg effects evolve over time; and (iii) the effects of more stable regimes are heterogeneous across country groups.