In 1621, two years after their hopes for free and open debate were dashed at the Synod of Dort, the colleagues and students of Jacobus Arminius published the 'Confession or Declaration of the Pastors, which in the Belgian Federation are called the Remonstrants, on the principle articles of the Christian Religion.' The first and perhaps most important of Arminian confessions, written by Simon Episcopius (Arminius' successor at the University of Leiden and leader of the Remonstrant party at Dort) and then approved at a gathering of Remonstrant pastors, provided not only a defense of the Òfive pointsÓ condemned at Dort, but also a succinct declaration of the entire range of their theology. This fresh, unabridged translation of the Confession, the first since 1676, together with the original Latin, allows the contemporary reader to interface directly with theology of the original Remonstrant leaders without the intervening interpretations of either their opponents or later admirers.

Simon Episcopius (1583-1643), who began his theological career as the protégé of Jacobus Arminius, led the Arminians at the Synod of Dort and was instrumental in guaranteeing Arminianism's survival. This book breaks new ground by clearly showing how, in the process of working out the implications of the theological trajectories which Arminius established, Episcopius introduced significant changes in his master's theology. It begins by demonstrating changes between Episcopius' early theological works and Arminius' writings, and then even greater changes in his mature theological work, Institutiones Theologicæ. It defends the idea that Arminianism represented a pre-Calvinist movement within the Netherlands, which not only rejected Genevan predestination, but also intentionally moved away from Reformed Scholasticism. This book is useful for seminars in early Arminian theology and the Arminian controversy in the Netherlands.

Sixteenth-century Brussels and Antwerp in combination formed the northern linchpin of an international communication network that covered Western and Central Europe. In the seventeenth century both cities saw the rise of newspapers that compare revealingly with those produced in Germany, the Dutch Republic, England and France. In From Ghent to Aix, Paul Arblaster examines the services that carried the news, the types of news publicized, and the relationship of these newspapers to Baroque Europe’s other methods of public communication, from drums and trumpets, ceremonies and sermons, to almanacs, pamphlets, pasquinades and newsletters. The merchant’s need for information and the government’s desire to influence opinion together opened up a space in which a new social force would take root: the media.