Cryogenics is the study of low temperature interactions - temperatures well below those existing in the natural universe. The book covers a large spectrum of experimental cases, including basic vacuum techniques, indispensable in cryogenics. Guidance in solving experimental problems and numerous numerical examples are given, as are examples of the applications of cryogenics in such areas as underground detectors and space applications. Updated tables of low-temperature data on materials are also presented, and the book is supplemented with a rich bibliography. Researchers (graduate and above) in the fields of physics, engineering and chemistry with an interest in the technology and applications of low-temperature measurements, will find this book invaluable. - Experiments described in technical detail - Description of newest cryogenic apparatus - Applications in multidisciplinary areas - Data on cryogenic properties of new materials - Current reference review

Cryogen-free cryogenics is leading a revolution in research and industry by its significant advantages over traditional liquid helium systems. This is the first overview for the field, covering the key technologies, conceptual design, fabrication, operation, performance, and applications of these systems. The contents cover important topics such as the operating principles of 4K cryocoolers, enabling technologies (including vibration reduction) for cryogen free systems, the cryogen- free superconducting magnet, and cryogen-free systems that reach mK. It highlights the wide range of applications in materials science, quantum physics, astronomy and space science, medical sciences and etc. Key features: Introduce technologies and practical know-how employed for cryogen-free systems of using 4 K cryocoolers to replace liquid helium; Address state of the arts of cryogen-free superconducting magnets, sub-kelvin refrigeration systems of He-3 sorption cooler, adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) and dilution refrigerators (DR). Discuss applications of cryogen-free systems in modern instruments and equipment.

Physics of Cryogenics: An Ultralow Temperature Phenomenon discusses the significant number of advances that have been made during the last few years in a variety of cryocoolers, such as Brayton, Joule-Thomson, Stirling, pulse tube, Gifford-McMahon and magnetic refrigerators. The book reviews various approaches taken to improve reliability, a major driving force for new research areas. The advantages and disadvantages of different cycles are compared, and the latest improvements in each of these cryocoolers is discussed. The book starts with the thermodynamic fundamentals, followed by the definition of cryogenic and the associated science behind low temperature phenomena and properties. This book is an ideal resource for scientists, engineers and graduate and senior undergraduate students who need a better understanding of the science of cryogenics and related thermodynamics. - Defines the fundamentals of thermodynamics that are associated with cryogenic processes - Provides an overview of the history of the development of cryogenic technology - Includes new, low temperature tables written by the author - Deals with the application of cryogenics to preserve objects at very low temperature - Explains how cryogenic phenomena work for human cell and human body preservations and new medical approaches

Kalia and Fu's novel monograph covers cryogenic treatment, properties and applications of cryo-treated polymer materials. Written by numerous international experts, the twelve chapters in this book offer the reader a comprehensive picture of the latest findings and developments, as well as an outlook on the field. Cryogenic technology has seen remarkable progress in the past few years and especially cryogenic properties of polymers are attracting attention through new breakthroughs in space, superconducting, magnetic and electronic techniques. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, educators, engineers and graduate students in the field and at technical institutions.

2014 National Book Award Finalist A Time Best YA Book of All Time (2021) Travis Coates has a good head…on someone else’s shoulders. A touching, hilarious “tour de force of imagination and empathy” (Booklist, starred review) from John Corey Whaley, author of the Printz and Morris Award–winning Where Things Come Back. Listen—Travis Coates was alive once and then he wasn’t. Now he’s alive again. Simple as that. The in between part is still a little fuzzy, but Travis can tell you that, at some point or another, his head got chopped off and shoved into a freezer in Denver, Colorado. Five years later, it was reattached to some other guy’s body, and well, here he is. Despite all logic, he’s still sixteen, but everything and everyone around him has changed. That includes his bedroom, his parents, his best friend, and his girlfriend. Or maybe she’s not his girlfriend anymore? That’s a bit fuzzy too. Looks like if the new Travis and the old Travis are ever going to find a way to exist together, there are going to be a few more scars. Oh well, you only live twice.

Twenty five years have elapsed since the original publication of Helium Cryogenics. During this time, a considerable amount of research and development involving helium fluids has been carried out culminating in several large-scale projects. Furthermore, the field has matured through these efforts so that there is now a broad engineering base to assist the development of future projects. Helium Cryogenics, 2nd edition brings these advances in helium cryogenics together in an updated form. As in the original edition, the author's approach is to survey the field of cryogenics with emphasis on helium fluids. This approach is more specialized and fundamental than that contained in other cryogenics books, which treat the associated range of cryogenic fluids. As a result, the level of treatment is more advanced and assumes a certain knowledge of fundamental engineering and physics principles, including some quantum mechanics. The goal throughout the work is to bridge the gap between the physics and engineering aspects of helium fluids to provide a source for engineers and scientists to enhance their usefulness in low-temperature systems. Dr. Van Sciver is a Distinguished Research Professor and John H. Gorrie Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Florida State University. He is also a Program Director at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL). Dr. Van Sciver joined the FAMU-FSU College of Engineering and the NHMFL in 1991, initiating and teaching a graduate program in magnet and materials engineering and in cryogenic thermal sciences and heat transfer. He also led the NHMFL development efforts of the cryogenic systems for the NHMFL Hybrid and 900 MHz NMR superconducting magnets. Between 1997 and 2003, he served as Director of Magnet Science and Technology at the NHMFL. Dr. Van Sciver is a Fellow of the ASME and the Cryogenic Society of America and American Editor for the journal Cryogenics. He is the 2010 recipient of the Kurt Mendelssohn Award. Prior to joining Florida State University, Dr. Van Sciver was Research Scientist and then Professor of Nuclear Engineering, Engineering Physics and Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison from 1976 to 1991. During that time he also served as the Associate Director of the Applied Superconductivity Center. Dr. Van Sciver received his PhD in Low Temperature Physics from the University of Washington-Seattle in 1976. He received his BS degree in Engineering Physics from Lehigh University in 1970. Dr. Van Sciver is author of over 200 publications and patents in low temperature physics, liquid helium technology, cryogenic engineering and magnet technology. The first edition of Helium Cryogenics was published by Plenum Press (1986). The present work is an update and expansion of that original project.

Outer Cryo Worlds is a book about the fascinating world of celestial bodies with cryo, or freezing conditions. For example, with average temperatures about 200 degrees colder than Earth’s, Saturn’s moon Titan is a cryo world, one with astoundingly different sights, textures and physical forces. With such stark differences to the world, we are accustomed to, cryo worlds create a whole new universe for our imaginations, with new sightseeing adventures, sport activity potential and, who knows, maybe even extraterrestrial life. The book familiarises the reader with the concept of outer cryo worlds and their mesmerising nature. With amusing anecdotes about cryogenics and celestial bodies, it helps spark imagination and curiosity to really bring these worlds to life. Based on real facts that we know about Outer Cryo Worlds, the book takes the reader on a vivid imaginary journey of flying with tech-wings in Titan’s atmosphere or swimming in its liquid methane lakes in futuristic suits. It vividly paints the picture of what it's like to open a bottle of champagne on conquering Olympus Mons on Mars. The book also shares the author’s long-standing fascination with effects low temperatures have on life. It starts with a simple question: what happens to living organisms at low temperatures. Based on what we know about life in the deep waters of Earth, the author speculates what life would look like if it was sparked in oceans that might exist under the ice crusts of Jovian planets moons, inviting the readers on an imaginary mission of replacing tracking buoys attached to a gigantic snailfish-like creature in the abyss of Europa Ocean.