Workers' Earnings and Corporate Economic Structure investigates the role of economic structure in determining employees' earnings and how workplace organization contributes to social inequality. The study focuses on the characteristics of the organization of capital rather than on different management styles or systems. Earnings as a key labor force outcome are examined at both the industry and company levels of economic organization. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume begins with an overview of economic explanations for the diversity of wage labor in advanced capitalist countries, and whether the labor market in the United States is structured by the organizational characteristics of capital. The discussion then turns to the dual economy model of industrial structure; an alternative resource approach to the study of organizational structure and labor segmentation; and enterprise- and industry-level sectoral models of economic structure. Subsequent chapters explore the relationship between the sectoral models and poverty, class position, and racial and gender groups; the ability of the sectoral models to explain workers' earnings and select continuous-variable models of the impact of economic structure on workers' earnings; earnings determination within economic sectors; and the impact of economic structure across class, occupational, and status groups. The final chapter offers concluding thoughts and reflections and integrates the insights derived from the study of industrial structure with themes from the broader field of social stratification. This book will be of interest to economists, sociologists, and workers and industry officials.

The authors examine both past and current practices and policies influencing black employment in the railroad, airline, trucking, and urban transit industries. Technological unemployment, declining traffic, and discrimination by unions, carriers, and government agencies have reduced both the number and proportion of blacks in the railroad industry, which was once one of the nation's leading employers of blacks. These, same railroading mores have affected black employment in airlines and urban transit in the past but today other forces are working to improve black representation in the former and leading to a heavily black work force in the latter. In the trucking industry, the Teamsters' Union and government policy are keys to Negro employment, with the union dragging its feet in supporting an increased number of black over-the-road drivers. A final section compares the situations in the four industries and forecasts future Negro employment trends in light of the most recent employment data, occupational needs, governmental policy, and other significant factors.

"In this project, sociologists Jonathan R. Wynn and Berkeley Franz and political scientist Daniel Skinner set out to examine why so many communities surrounding hospitals are economically distressed and medically underserved. On the one hand, hospitals anchor the communities that surround themoften staying in their communities for decades. Hospitals craft strategies to engage with the surrounding community, many of them focused on buying and hiring locally. On the other hand, hospitals will often only provide care to the surrounding community through emergency rooms designed to manage crises quickly, reserving advanced medical care and long-term treatment for those who can pay for it. Many hospitals buy real estate in their neighborhoods and advocate for development programs that drive gentrification and displacement. To understand how urban health care institutions work with their communities, the authors address power, history, race, and urbanity as much as the workings of the medical field. The project focuses on three urban hospitals: Connecticut's Hartford Hospital, the crown jewel of the Hartford Healthcare system; the Cleveland Clinic, which coordinates with other providers for routine care while its main campus provides specialty care; and the University of Colorado Hospital, a rare example of an anchor institution that moved out of its urban area. Through this examination, the authors recast urban hospitals in a new light: as not only medical institutions, but also a complex urban force"--