Offers an examination of the multivariate approximation case Special focus on the Bernstein operators, including applications, and on two new classes of Bernstein-type operators Many general estimates, leaving room for future applications (e.g. the B-spline case) Extensions to approximation operators acting on spaces of vector functions Historical perspective in the form of previous significant results

The subject of this book is the introduction and application of a new measure for smoothness offunctions. Though we have both previously published some articles in this direction, the results given here are new. Much of the work was done in the summer of 1984 in Edmonton when we consolidated earlier ideas and worked out most of the details of the text. It took another year and a half to improve and polish many of the theorems. We express our gratitude to Paul Nevai and Richard Varga for their encouragement. We thank NSERC of Canada for its valuable support. We also thank Christine Fischer and Laura Heiland for their careful typing of our manuscript. z. Ditzian V. Totik CONTENTS Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 PART I. THE MODULUS OF SMOOTHNESS Chapter 1. Preliminaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.1. Notations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.2. Discussion of Some Conditions on cp(x). . . . • . . . . . . . • . . • . . • • . 8 . . . • . 1.3. Examples of Various Step-Weight Functions cp(x) . . • . . • . . • . . • . . . 9 . . • Chapter 2. The K-Functional and the Modulus of Continuity ... . ... 10 2.1. The Equivalence Theorem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . 2.2. The Upper Estimate, Kr.tp(f, tr)p ~ Mw;(f, t)p, Case I . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 . . . 2.3. The Upper Estimate of the K-Functional, The Other Cases. . . . . . . . . . 16 . 2.4. The Lower Estimate for the K-Functional. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 . . . . . Chapter 3. K-Functionals and Moduli of Smoothness, Other Forms. 24 3.1. A Modified K-Functional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . . . . . . 3.2. Forward and Backward Differences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . . 3.3. Main-Part Modulus of Smoothness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 . . . . . . .

This book presents a systematic overview of approximation by linear combinations of positive linear operators, a useful tool used to increase the order of approximation. Fundamental and recent results from the past decade are described with their corresponding proofs. The volume consists of eight chapters that provide detailed insight into the representation of monomials of the operators Ln , direct and inverse estimates for a broad class of positive linear operators, and case studies involving finite and unbounded intervals of real and complex functions. Strong converse inequalities of Type A in terminology of Ditzian–Ivanov for linear combinations of Bernstein and Bernstein–Kantorovich operators and various Voronovskaja-type estimates for some linear combinations are analyzed and explained. Graduate students and researchers in approximation theory will find the list of open problems in approximation of linear combinations useful. The book serves as a reference for graduate and postgraduate courses as well as a basis for future study and development.

Coupled with its sequel, this book gives a connected, unified exposition of Approximation Theory for functions of one real variable. It describes spaces of functions such as Sobolev, Lipschitz, Besov rearrangement-invariant function spaces and interpolation of operators. Other topics include Weierstrauss and best approximation theorems, properties of polynomials and splines. It contains history and proofs with an emphasis on principal results.

The series is devoted to the publication of monographs and high-level textbooks in mathematics, mathematical methods and their applications. Apart from covering important areas of current interest, a major aim is to make topics of an interdisciplinary nature accessible to the non-specialist. The works in this series are addressed to advanced students and researchers in mathematics and theoretical physics. In addition, it can serve as a guide for lectures and seminars on a graduate level. The series de Gruyter Studies in Mathematics was founded ca. 30 years ago by the late Professor Heinz Bauer and Professor Peter Gabriel with the aim to establish a series of monographs and textbooks of high standard, written by scholars with an international reputation presenting current fields of research in pure and applied mathematics. While the editorial board of the Studies has changed with the years, the aspirations of the Studies are unchanged. In times of rapid growth of mathematical knowledge carefully written monographs and textbooks written by experts are needed more than ever, not least to pave the way for the next generation of mathematicians. In this sense the editorial board and the publisher of the Studies are devoted to continue the Studies as a service to the mathematical community. Please submit any book proposals to Niels Jacob.