Edited version of papers presented at the National Seminar on Problems and Challenges of Technology Transfer, In-House R&D for Indian Industry in the 1990s, held at Mumbai during 22-24 January 1996.

This Unique Book Brings Together The Views Of Both Companies Abroad That Have Sold Technology And Firms In India That Have Bought It. It Reports On What Foreign Companies Think Of The Indian Market For Technology, Of Indian Firms' Practices And Of India'S Policies; It Also Reports On How Indian Companies Decide On Import Of Technology And How Far They Benefit From It. In This Book-

Papers presented at a symposium held at Patiala during 19-20 May 2001.

Contrary To Conventional Wisdom, Newly Industrialising Countries (Nics) Of Asia And Latin America Engage To An Appreciable Extent, In R&D Activities Leading To Technical Change. They Do So As Part Of Their Industrialization Process And In Response To The Prevailing Economic Environment In Which That Process Takes Place.The Book Is Aimed To Present A Preliminary Evaluation Of The Emergence Of Some Of The Newly Industrialising Countries (Nics) As Internationally Competitive Sellers Of Technology, But It Has Devoted A Particular Attention To India Which, Despite Its Poverty And Relatively Poor Record Of Economic Growth, Seems To Lead The Third World In The Field Of Technology Exports.The Said Phenomenon Of Technology Transfer By Indian Industries Is Itself Worthy Of Note. The Fact That They Have Established A Comparative Advantage In The Sale Of Most Skill And Knowledge Intensive Of All Products Pure Know-How Itself Raises Important Issues For Their Dynamic Role In The International Trade. It Also Calls For A Closer Examination Of The Processes Of Technological Assimilation And Development Which Underlie Their Entry Into The Foreign Markets.A Number Of Indian Enterprises (Public And Private Sector) Are Emerging On The International Scene As Major Exporters Of Manufacturing, Construction, Management, Financial And Other Forms Of Technology. The Main Object Of This Study Is To Analyse And Examine, In Detail, The Process Of Technology Transfer From Indian Industries.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of policy environment on development of technology transfer in university industry linkage in India. This study reviews literature on design perspectives of university spin offs including large scale survey of Indian universities, cross national comparisons and analysis of documents from professional bodies. There is evidence that policy environment is composed of structures that influence the implementation of a design. There is a policy shift that favoured indigenous state led technology transfer to private partnership in technology transfer in India. The opening of the Indian economy introduced policy environment favouring entrepreneurship. Two models of technology transfer in university-industry are proposed. The type I model is a technology push process that results in an IPR based regime where as the type II is a business pull model that favours university spin offs. Unlike the linear model of growth of technology transfer in the West, there has been a persistent divide between the sub systems of intellectual property and entrepreneurship in India. Research into the environment that designs a policy outcome in academic entrepreneurship may offer a template for a system that co-opts both IPR and entrepreneurship. Indian universities have been analysed for performance based on their traditional role in academics. The non traditional roles like technology transfer have been evaluated only through comparative case studies. This research fills the gap by giving an overview of the Indian scene and proposes theoretical models to understand them.

The technology transfer process involves a series of activities that required cooperation between multiple stakeholder groups over a period of time. Transfer of technology is a lengthy, complex and dynamic process, whose success is influenced by various factors originating from these stakeholder groups. Management of technology transfer assumes a pivotal role in optimizing business and retaining competitive edge for both the technology transferor and transferee in the emerging globalized economy. In this publication the key success factors for achieving successful technology transfer management under Indian context have been identified using an empirical survey and structural equation modelling. The book will be served as a useful reference material for technology transfer/ commercialization managers and students pursuing their higher professional education in technology management. This is a first of its kind publication in the area of technology management under Indian perspective.